FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. 

 Helianthus tuberosus. W. Jerusalem Artichoke. 



Linn, Sytt. Syngenesia Frustranea. 



The tuber, used as a vegetable. 



Vernacular. Bhramoka, Soorjya-mookhee, Beng. 



Habitat. Brazil. Widely cultivated. 



Remarks. First described by Columna. Jerusalem (Artichoke) is a 

 corruption of gira sole t the Italian for turn and sun. 



Lactuca sativa. De C. Garden Lettuce, Cos Lettuce. 



Linn. Sytt. Syngenesia Polygamia-iequulis. 



The herb, used as a salad. 



Vernacular. Kahoo y Hind. Salada, Cey. Chqft Egypt. 



Habitat. India ? Widely cultivated in Europe. 



Remarks. The tipldag of Greeks and Romans. Dioscorides mentions 

 6piba rj^fpos and 0pl8a dypia. The first is considered the Garden and the 

 second the Strong -scented Lettuce. Musa the brother of Euphorbus is 

 said to have saved the life of Augustus by prescribing Lettuce ad libitum. 

 see " Drugs." The following edible Composites also deserve attention in 

 India. 



Artemisia Absinthium. W. Common Wormwood. The cfyivOiov of 

 the Greeks. 



Artemisia Dracunculus. W. Tarragon. Tarchon t Arab, 

 Calendula ojficinalis. W. Common Maryaold. Caltha luteola of 



Virgil and Caltha of Pliny according to Samasius and Sprengel. 

 (tarduus Mariamus. Linn. Our Lady's Thistle. 

 Cupduus virainianus. 1 Thistle of the Rocky Mountains. 

 CichQrium Endivia. W. Endive. According to Sprengel the ccpis 



xrprevry prfvoffrvXXos, and according to Fraas the d/M&ucodcWcpa <Tpis 



o Dio&eorides. 



Cichormm Intybu*. Linn. Wild Succory. The Kix&ptov of Theo- 

 jxlinastus ; and, according to Sprengel, the tipiSaKodetrrcpa atpis, 

 ^in4, according to Fraas, the o-epis Krfn-fvrfj orej/o^uXAor of Dioscorides. 



Cwpis parviflora. ? Used as a salad. 



Cynara Cardunculus. W. Cardoon. Perhaps the Kapros of Theo- 

 phrastus. 



Inula Helenium. W. Elecampane. The Amo? of Hippocrates and 

 Dioscorides ; and Helenium of Pliny. 



Leontodon Taraxacum. W. Common Dandelion. Probably one 

 a$aK7 of Theophrastus. 

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