NARCOTICS. 



N. O. 115. CINCHONACE7E. CINCHONADS. 

 Coffea arabica. Linn. Arabian Coffee. 



Linn. St/st. Pentandria Mouogynia. 



The burnt seed, Coffee ; the pericarp, or shell, and the leaf, Coffee 

 Tea. 



'Vernacular. Kawa, Beng. Boond, Cap/tee, By. Boonn (the seed), 

 Qahoueh (the decoction), Arab. Cahwa, Pers. Eleave, Egypt. 

 Cahvey, Turk. 



Habitat. Caffa and Enarea in Abyssinia. Cultivated in Arabia 

 from circa 1554. Cultivated in Malabar, Ceylon, the Caffre Coast, 

 Mauritius, Java, \Vest Indies, and Brazil. 



Remarks. Coffee has been in use in Abyssinia immemorially. It was 

 in use in Persia, A.D. 875, and from thence was gradually introduced into 

 Syria, Egypt, Constantinople, and Arabia. We find it at Venice about 

 1615, at Marseilles 1644, London 1652, and Paris 1657. In 1688, 

 Ray observes, London might rival Grand Cairo in the number of its^coffee- 

 houses. The Arabs roast the whole fruit of the coffee and not the seed 

 only, and this they call Sakka or S'tlabi. In Bombay, I am told, some 

 Arabs use only the pericarp of the fruit. The leaf is used widely in the 

 Eastern Archipelago. Besides the Coffea arabica, other species have been 

 formed, .as C. benyhalensis* C. zanyuebaria, C. mauritiana, and others, 

 but these can only be varieties of the original Abyssinian plant. Avicenna 

 circa A.D. 1000, and after him Ranwolf describe " Arabian Coffee." 

 The following plants are used as substitutes for Coffee in various countries 

 of the world : 



N. O. 74. LEGUMINOSYE. Cicer arietinum, Common Chick Pea, or 

 Gram, the seed. Inya biylobosa, the seedi being used in Soudan. 

 Par/da africana, the seeds being used in Ethiopia. 



N. O. 114. CAPRIFOLIACE^. Triosteum perfoliatum, the seeds 

 being used in North America. 



N. O. 115. CINCHONACEJS. PsycJiotria sps., the seeds being used 

 in the West Indies. 



N. O. 116. GALIACE.E. Galium Aparine, the roots being used in 



Ireland. - 

 N. O. 120. COMPOSITE. Cichorium Intybus, the source of 



" Chicory." Leontodon Taraxacum, the roots being used like 



" Chicory" in Europe. 

 N. O. 158. ATROPACE^. Hyoscyamus sp., the seeds being used 



by the Tonguses. 

 N. O. 212. CORYLACE^E. Quercus sp., the Acorn being used in 



Europe. * 



N. O. 236. IRIDACE.E. Iris pseud' Acorus, the seeds of which 

 have been experimentally used in England. The seeds of innumer- 



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