CONDIMENTS AND SPICES. 



Nees, C. nitidum, Blum?, and C. Tamala, Nees, are indigenous to 

 India. Sassafras nuts or Pichurim beans, used in flavouring Chocolate, are 

 the seed lobes of Nectandra Puchury, Nees, of the Rio Nigro ; ami Cuju- 

 inary beans are from Aydendron Cvjumury, and A. Laurel. Nectandra 

 cymbarnm, Nees, of liio Nigro, Sassafras Parthenoxylon of Sumatra, 

 Benzoin odoriferum, Licaria guianensu, and Mespilodaphne pretiosa, 

 have all aromatic barks. Canella or Wild Cinnamon, and Winter's bark, are 

 -al<o used as aromatic condiments ; the former being obta'ned from Canella 

 alba, Murray, a Meliad; and the latter from Drimys winteri, De C., a 

 Magnoliad. For Cascarilla, or Eleutheria baik, see No. 195. Euphorbiaceee. 



N. 0. 180. MYRISTICACE^E. NUTMEGS. 

 Myristica fragrans. Iloutt. True Nutmeg. 



Linn. Syst. Dicecia Monadelphia. 



The false aril, Mace; and nucleus, Nutmeg. 



Vernacular. Mace, Jatiputri, Sans. Jaeputree, Hind. Dec. 

 Jar/iputri, Tarn. Buzbas, Arab. Bisbaseh, Vulg. ex Ulfaz 

 Udwiyeh. Boonga-pala, Malaya. Nutmeg, Jatiphala, Sans. 

 Jaya-phula, Beng. Jaephal, Hind. Jadicai, Tarn. Jajikaia, 

 Tel. Sadikka^ Jatipulhun, Ceylon. Jowz beiva, Pers. Jowz- 

 ul-teib, Arab. Galayo, Banda, Pala, Eastern Archipelago. 



Habitat. Moluccas, especially the Banda group. Cultivated in 

 Java, Sumatra, Singapore, Penang, Bengal, Bourbon, Mauritius, 

 West Indies, and formerly in Western India by the Portuguese. 



Remarks. This is the M. officinalis of Linnaeus, M. aromaiica 01 

 Lamarck, and M. moschata of Thunberg. The kernels of other species 

 are often substituted. Thus the Long or Wild Nutmegs of commerce are 

 from N. fatua, Houtt. of Banda. M. Otoba, Humb. et Bonp. yields 

 the nutmegs of Santa Fe, and White Mace. jl/. madugascaremis, Lam. 

 and M. acuminata, Lam. are used in Madagascar. M. spuria. and 

 another called Dungan, are substituted in the Eastern Archipelago ; 

 $/ officinalis, Mart, in Brazil ; and JJ/. tomentosa, Hook. til. et 

 Th. in Penang. M. malabarica, Lam. (M. dactyloides, Wall.), and 

 M. attemtata, Wall. Cat- G/91, are indigenous to the forests of tlie Con- 

 can ar.d Malabar. This is the plant Graham has referred to Wallich's 

 M. amyndalind, a native of Martaban and Maulmein. The former yields 

 the Malabar Nutmegs of commerce. The Camara or Ackawi Nutmeg 

 of Guiana, the Clove Nutmeg, and the Brazil Nutmeg, are respectively 

 from Acrodiclidium Cctmara, Schomb. Ayathophyllum aromaticum, and 

 Cryptocarya moschata, all Laurels. The Calabash Nutmeg is from 

 Mvnodora Myristica > N. O 4. The Plume Nutmegs, intermediate 

 between Laurels and Nutmegs, yield fragrant products also, but as yet of 

 no great economic interest. " Both nutmegs and mace," observes Pereira, 

 " were unknown to the ancient Greeks and Romans^ unless indeed the 

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