DIVISION I. 



Class 3. F. 



STARCHES. 



N. O. 195. EUPHORBIACE^E. SPURGEWORTS. 

 Jatropha Manihot. Linn. Cassava, Manioc. 



Linn. Syst. Moncecia Monadelphia. 



Fecula of the root, Cassava Starch, Brazilian Arrow-root, Cipipa, 

 Mousache ; and the fecula of the root, roasted, Tapioca. 



Vernacular. Maracheenie, Mai. Maravullie, Tarn. Mangyokka, 

 Cey. 



Habitat. Tropical America. Cultivated on the East and "West 

 coasts of Africa, on the Malabar coast, and in Ceylon. 



Remarks. First noticed by Monardes and Piso. " The rasped root, mixed 

 with water, boiled and fermented, yields a liquor called Cassiri. Cassava 

 meal is obtained by subjecting the grated root to pressure to express the 

 juice, and then drying and pounding the residual cake. Of this meal Cassava 

 Bread is made. The expressed juice, by repose, deposits the farina called 

 Cassava starch or Tapioca. A sauce called Casareep, or Cassireepe, is 

 made from the juice." Tapioca is properly speaking Cassava meal, which 

 has been roasted while moist. The juice of the root is poisonous, and 

 used by the natives of South America for poisoning their weapons. 

 Manihot Aipi, Pohl, is the Sweet Cassava, and is probably only a variety 

 of the Cassava. Manihot Janipha, Pohl, of the West Indies, is also pro- 

 bably only a variety. These species or varieties possess no poisonous 

 juice. 



N. 0. 223. CYCADACE.E. CYCADS. 

 Cycas circinalis. W. Broad-leaved Cycas. 



Linn. Syst. Dicecia Polyandria. 



The fecula of the pith. 



Vernacular. Stigu, Tonquin, Moluccas, Eastern Archipelago? 

 Buzur-butoo, By. 



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