OILS AND OIL SEEDS. 



N. O. 251. PALM.E. PALMS. 

 COCOS nucifera. W. Common Cocoa/tut. 



Linn. Syst. Moncecia Hexandria. 



Vernacular. See " Fruits and Vegetables." 

 Habitat. East Indies. 



Remarks. The oil is expressed from the kernel of the nut, and is one 

 of the most useful, and most important prepared in India. The follow- 

 ing Palrns are also valuable for the oil they yield: 



Acrocomia sclerocarpa, Mart. Great Macaw-tree, of West Indies. 

 Attalea Cohune y Mart, of Honduras and Panama. Cohune-nut oil. 

 Copernicia cerifera, Mart, of the Brazils, yields a waxy exudation. 

 Elceis ffuineensis, Linn. Oily Palm of Guinea. 

 Elais melanococca, Gaert. Oily Palm of West Indies. 



Iriartea andicola Spr. (Ceroxylon andicola, Hnmb. et Bonpl.) of 

 the Andes yields a waxy exudation. 



(Enocarpus Bacaba. ~\ 



CEnocarpus Batava, Mart. 



CEnocarpus disticha. 



CEnocarpus a/tissimus, Klotzsch. 



CEnocarpus bolivianus, Hort. j- 0f Tropical America are all 



SB TIT oleiferous. 



(hnocarpus caracasanus, Lodd. 



CEnocarpus Ckirayua, Hort. 

 (Enocarpus Cubarroo, Hort. 

 CEnocarpus utifis t Klotzsch. J 



Under N. O. 255. Pandanaeese, the flowering head of Pan d 'anus odora- 

 tissimus, yields a fragrant oil on distillation, called Keora oil, which will 

 certainly create & furor in the fashion, should it come into use in the prepara- 

 tion of bouquets. Under N. O. 258. Acoracese, the fresh rhizome of 

 Acorus Calamus, yields oil of Sweet Flag by distillation with water. 

 Species of Cyperus (N. O. 265) yield essential oils. Under N. O. 266. 

 Graminese, Andropogon Calamus aromaticus, Royle, is the source of Roosa- 

 kctel ; Andropogon muricatus, Retz, of Essence of Vitivert, or Cuscus, the 

 basis of the once fashionable " Mousselaine des Indes," and Andropogon 

 citratum, De C. probably of a portion of Lemon-grass oil. But there 

 is much confusion regarding the plants yielding the grass oils, which will 

 be fully treated of under the " Miscellaneous Class." 



What is the source of the Aoati oil of Eastern Africa ? 



In the above list two kinds of oils have been mentioned, the natural 

 vegetable fats or fixed oils, and the volatile, or distilled, or essential 

 oils, sometimes called also essences, although an essence, strictly 

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