XI 



PHYLUM ARTHROPODA 



617 



Gressoria or Walkers (Stick-and-Leaf Insects, Praying Insects); 

 and (3) the Gursoria or Runners (Earwigs, Cockroaches). 



Fia. 5U. Lpcusta. (From Cuvier'd 

 Animal Kingdom.) 



FIG. 515. AuEmbiid (Oligotoma michaeli) inag- 

 nifled. (From the Cambridge Natural History, 

 after McLachlan.) 



Sub-order 2. Isoptera. 



Orthopteroidea which form organised communities composed of 

 soldiers, workers, and male and female sexual individuals. Mem- 

 branous anterior and posterior wings are developed in the sexual 

 individuals, but are soon thrown off. 



This sub-order comprises only the Termites or " White Ants." 



Sub-order 3. Embiidce. 



Minute Orthopteroidea with rather long and narrow bodies 

 (Fig. 515) ; winged or wingless the wings when present mem- 

 branous, not caducous but persistent. Communities are not 

 formed. 



Sub-order 4. Psocidce. 



Minute Orthopteroidea with comparatively short thick bodies, 

 slender antennae, and usually with 

 delicate membranous wings, the an- 

 terior pair the larger. 



This sub-order (Fig. 516) includes 

 Book-lice and Death-watches. 



FIG. 516. A winged Psocid (Psocus 

 fasciatus), magnified. (From the Cam- 

 bridge Natural History, after McLachlan.) 



FIG. 517. One of the Mallophaga in- 

 habiting the common fowl. (From the 

 Cambridge Natural History, after Piaget.) 



