620 



ZOOLOGY 



SECT. 



and Blow-flies, Bot-flies (Fig. 522), Crane-flies, and " Daddy-long- 

 legs," to which may be added the greatly modified, wingless, para- 

 sitic group, the Fleas. 



FIG. 523. Butterfly (Pieris), with caterpillar and chrysalis stages. (After Guerin and 



Percheron.) 



OEDEE 8. LEPIDOPTEEA. 



Insects with both pairs of wings well developed and covered 

 with scales (modified hairs). The maxillae are modified to form 



an elongated sucking tube, which can be 

 rolled up spirally ; the other parts of the 

 mouth are rudimentary, with the excep- 

 tion of the labial palpi. The pro thorax 

 is fused with the mesothorax. The 

 metamorphosis is complete. 



This order includes Butterflies (Fig. 523) 

 and Moths. 



OEDEE 9. COLEOPTEEA. 



Insects in which the anterior pair of 

 wings take the form of hard horny wing- 

 cases, or elytra, which, when at rest, are 

 folded up along the back and cover over 

 the folded-up membranous posterior 

 wings. The prothorax is movable on the 

 other segments. The jaws are fully 

 developed, and adapted for biting and chewing. The metamor- 

 phosis is complete. 

 This order includes the true Beetles (Fig. 524). 



Fio. 524. Beetle (Crioceris, 



with larva. (After Guerin 

 and Percheron.) 



