440 



THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM. 



iliocostalis lumborum, is inserted in line with it by similar slips into the upper 

 six ribs. 



The iliocostalis cervicis (O.T. cervicalis ascendens) arises in the same way by 

 six slips from the upper six ribs, medial to the insertions of the previous muscle. 

 It forms a narrow band, which, extending into the neck, is inserted into the posterior 

 tubercles of the transverse processes of the fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae, 

 behind the scalenus posterior. The iliocostales, lumborum, dorsi, and cervicis form 

 together a continuous muscular column, and constitute the most lateral group of the 

 component elements of the sacrospinalis. 



M. Longissimus. The longissimus is the largest element in the sacrospinalis 

 muscle. The longissimus dorsi forms the middle column of the muscle. It is 

 continued up into the neck as the longissimus cervicis and longissimus capitis. 

 Mostly tendinous, on the surface, at its origin, it becomes fleshy in the upper part 

 of the loin. It is thickest in the loin, and becomes thinner as it passes upwards in 



Posterior 



tubercles of 



transverse 



processes 



Articular^ 

 processes" 



SCALENUS MEDIUS 

 LEVATOR SCAPULAE 

 SPLENIUS CERVICIS 



SCALENUS POSTERIOR 

 ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS 

 LONQISSIMUS CERVICIS 



LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS 

 SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS 



SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS" 

 MULTIFIDU 



LONG us CAPITIS 



LONGUS COLL1 



Anterior 

 tubercles of 

 ^transverse 

 processes 



FIG. 392. SCHEME OF MUSCULAR-ATTACHMENTS TO THE TRANSVERSE AND ARTICULAR 

 PROCESSES OF THE CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. 



the back between the column formed by the iliocostalis and its upward continua- 

 tions laterally, and the spinalis dorsi medially. 



It is inserted by two series of slips, medial and lateral, laterally into nearly 

 all the ribs, and medially into the transverse processes of the thoracic and the 

 accessory processes of the upper lumbar vertebrae. It is prolonged upwards into 

 the neck by its association with the common origin of the longissimus cervicis and 

 the longissimus capitis. 



The longissimus cervicis (transversalis cervicis) has an origin from the 

 transverse processes of the upper six thoracic vertebrae, medial to the insertions of 

 the longissimus dorsi. 



Extending upwards into the neck, it is inserted into the posterior tubercles 

 of the transverse processes of the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical 

 vertebrae. It is concealed in the neck by the iliocostalis cervicis and splenius 

 cervicis muscles. 



The longissimus capitis (trachelo-mastoid) arises, partly by an origin common 

 to it and the previous muscle, from the transverse processes of the upper six thoracic 

 vertebrae, and partly by an additional origin from the articular processes of the 

 lower four cervical vertebrae. 



Separating from the longissimus cervicis, the muscle ascends through the neck 

 as a narrow band which is inserted into the mastoid portion of the temporal bone, 



