1000 THE VASCULAE SYSTEM. 



deep to the mylo-hyoid muscles; they are simply small lymph nodules interposed 

 in the course of the lymphatics which are passing from the tongue and, the floor 

 of the mouth to the deep cervical glands. 



THE LYMPH GLANDS OF THE NECK. 



Lymphoglandulae Cervicales Superficiales. The superficial cervical lymph 

 glands lie on or are embedded in the deep fascia along the course of the external 

 jugular vein, superficial to the sterno-mastoid (Fig. 799). They receive afferent 

 vessels from the superficial tissues of the neck, the posterior and anterior auricular, 

 and the submaxillary lymphatic glands. Their efferent vessels terminate in 

 the upper deep cervical glands and the supra-clavicular glands. The uppermost 

 superficial cervical glands are sometimes described as infra-auricular glands. 



Lymphoglandulae Submaxillares. The submaxillary lymph glands vary in 

 number from three to six. They lie under cover of the deep fascia of the neck, in the 

 angle between the lower border of the mandible and the submaxillary gland, and the 

 largest of the series is usually situated near the point where the external maxillary 

 artery turns round the lower border of the mandible (Fig. 800). Occasionally some 

 smaller gland nodules are found on the deep surface of the submaxillary gland, but 

 these are comparatively rare. The afferent vessels of the submaxillary lymph glands 

 carry lymph from the side of the nose, the upper lip, the lateral part of the lower 

 lip, the anterior third of the border of the tongue, the gums, the submaxillary and 

 sublingual glands, and the adjacent parts of the floor of the mouth. The efferents 

 descend, over the superficial surface of the submaxillary gland, and terminate in 

 the upper deep cervical glands, more particularly in those in the immediate 

 neighbourhood of the termination of the common carotid artery. 



Paramandibular Lymph Gland. This term is applied to one or more lymph glands 

 which lie inside the capsule of the submaxillary gland, in close relation with 

 the gland or embedded in its substance. They receive lymph from the gland 

 and the adjacent parts of the mouth and transmit it to the submaxillary and deep 

 cervical glands. 



The Submental Lymph Glands lie below the chin, superficial to the mylo-hyoid 

 muscles and between the anterior bellies of the two digastric muscles. There are 

 usually two on each side, a medial or superior close to the median plane, and a. 

 lateral or inferior on the anterior border of the anterior belly of the digastric. 

 They are apt to become enlarged in diseased conditions of the middle part of the 

 lower lip, the adjacent part of the gums, the anterior part of the floor of the 

 mouth, the tip of the tongue, and the skin beneath the chin, for their afferent vessels 

 drain those parts. The efferents from this group of glands pass partly to the sub- 

 maxillary lymph glands, and partly to a deep cervical gland situated on the 

 superficial surface of the internal jugular vein at the level of the cricoid cartilage 

 (Figs. 799, 800, 801). 



Lymphoglandulse Retropharyngeae. The retro-pharyngeal lymph glands lie 

 posterior to the upper part of the pharynx, embedded in the fascia covering the 

 superior constrictor muscle. They are separable into two groups, lateral and median 



The lateral retro-pharyngeal glands, 1-3, appear to be constant both in children 

 and adults. Each lateral gland, or group of glands, lies at the level of the atlas 

 anterior to the upper part of the longus capitis, and posterior to the interna 

 carotid artery. 



The median retro-pharyngeal glands, commonly present in children anc 

 frequently absent in adults, lie at the same level as the lateral glands, but in the 

 median plane. They are irregular in number and size. 



The retro-pharyngeal lymph glands receive lymph from the adjacent muscles 

 and bones, from the nasal part of the pharynx, from the auditory tube anc 

 tympanum, and from the posterior parts of the nasal cavities. Their efferents pass 

 to the medial and the lateral deep cervical glands. 



Lymphoglandulae Cervicales Anteriores. The lymph glands of the anterior 

 part of the neck are separable into two groups, superficial and deep. 



The superficial anterior cervical lymph glands are very irregular in number anc 



