THE LYMPH VESSELS OF THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA. 1023 



serous plexuses of the various parts of the alimentary canal are spoken of in the following 

 account as the lymph vessels of those parts. 



The Lymph Vessels of the Stomach. The lymph vessels of the stomach communicate 

 freely with the lymph vessels of the O3sophagus on the one hand and those of the duodenum 

 on the other. 



From the point of view of lymph outflow the area of each surface of the stomach may be 

 divided into four parts. First a small right portion of the region of the pyloric canal, and, second, 

 the remaining larger portion which is subdivided into three parts by two lines : (1) A line 

 from the apex of the fundus to the pyloric canal along the junction of the upper and right two 

 thirds with the left and lower third, (2) a line, parallel with the oesophagus, dividing the left 

 and lower part into left and right portions (J. and D.). It must be understood, however, that the 

 lymph vessels of the various areas communicate freely with one another (Fig. 815). 



The Lymph Vessels of the Kegion of the Pyloric Canal pass (a) partly to the anterior left 

 gastric glands, (b) partly to the right supra-pancreatic lymph glands, and (c) partly to the lower 

 biliary group of lymph glands. If the right gastric gland is present some of the vessels of the 

 upper pyloric region go to it, and in some cases vessels from the pyloric region pass directly to 

 the posterior left gastric lymph glands. 



The Lymph Vessels from the Eight Upper Area of the larger portion of the stomach pass (a) 

 to the anterior left gastric lymph glands, (6) to the posterior left gastric lymph glands, (c) to the 

 paracardial lymph glands. 



The Lymph Vessels from the Left Section of the Left and Lower Portion of the stomach pass 

 along the gastro-splenic ligament to the splenic glands, which are occasionally present near the 

 hilum of the spleen, and partly to the left supra-pancreatic lymph glands. 



The Lymph Vessels from the Eight Part of the Lower and Left Area follow the course of the 

 right gastro-epiploic artery and terminate in the sub-pyloric glands. 



The Lymph Vessels of the Duodenum are apparently few and difficult to inject ; they 

 communicate with those of the stomach above and the jejunum below, and the collecting 

 vessels which pass from the subserous plexus end in the biliary, the sub-pyloric, and the mesen- 

 teric lymph glands. 



The Lymph Vessels of the Jejunum and Ileum, with the exception of those from the 

 terminal part of the ileum, pass to the mesenteric lymph glands. The lymph vessels from the 

 terminal part of the ileum go to the ileo-colic lymph glands. 



The Lymph Vessels of the Caecum, the Vermiform Process, and the Ascending Colon 

 pass to the ileo-colic lymph glands, either directly or after having traversed glands which lie 

 nearer to the walls of the various parts of the gut. 



The Lymph Vessels of the Right Colic Flexure and the Transverse Colon pass to the 

 meso-colic and the superior mesenteric lymph glands. 



The Lymph Vessels of the Left Colic Flexure, the Descending Colon, the Iliac Colon, 

 and the Pelvic Colon pass to the inferior mesenteric lymph glands. From those glands the 

 greater part of the lymph is conveyed to the lumbar lymph glands, but part passes to the 

 mesenteric lymph glands and part to the common intestinal lymph trunk. 



The Lymph Vessels of the Liver. The lymph vessels of the liver are described as forming 

 superficial and deep groups. The superficial vessels pass to subserous plexuses from which 

 collecting vessels arise. 



The collecting vessels from the superior, anterior, and right lateral surfaces converge to a series 

 of posterior and anterior efferent trunks. 



The posterior collecting trunks form three groups : (1) a right group, which runs 

 through the right triangular ligament of the liver and then downwards and medially on the 

 posterior wall of the abdomen, to the middle supra-pancreatic lymph glands ; (2) the middle 

 group runs towards the inferior vena cava, passes with it through the diaphragm, and ends in 

 the posterior mediastinal lymph glands ; (3) the left group passes through the left triangular 

 ligament to the posterior left gastric glands and the posterior paracardial glands. 



The anterior collecting trunks are inferior and superior. The inferior pass from the 

 anterior part of the right lobe, turn round the lower border, and end in the hepatic lymph glands. 

 The superior group pass to the falciform ligament. Some turn posteriorly towards the inferior 

 vena cava, pass through the diaphragm with it and end in the posterior mediastinal lymph glands ; 

 others turn forwards and downwards to the round ligament, which they accompany to the porta 

 hepatis where they join the hepatic glands. The remaining vessels pass upwards to the anterior 

 part of the diaphragm which they perforate, and they end in the anterior mediastinal glands. 



The superficial collecting vessels of the inferior surface of the right lobe pass (a) backwards 

 to the inferior vena cava and along that vessel to the posterior mediastinal glands, (6) to the 

 cystic gland of the biliary chain. The collecting vessels of the lower part of the left lobe end in 

 the hepatic glands. The collecting vessels of the caudate lobe pass partly to the posterior 

 mediastinal glands, along the inferior vena cava ; and partly to the hepatic lymph glands in the 

 porta hepatis. 



The Deep Lymph Vessels of the Liver pass to ascending and descending collecting trunks. 

 The ascending trunks follow the hepatic veins and the inferior vena cava and end in the 



C' irior mediastinal lymph glands. The descending collectors accompany the bile -ducts, the 

 ches of the portal vein, and the branches of the hepatic artery, and terminate in the hepatic 

 lymph glands. 



The Lymph Vessels of the Gall Bladder. The lymph vessels from the gall bladder 

 terminate chiefly in the cystic gland but some pass to other members of the biliary chain. 





