PEEITONEUM. 



1235 



they join, 

 still, the 



Stomach 



Omental bursa 



Great sac 



Greater 

 omentum 



Liver 



Epiploic foramen 



Pancreas 



Duodenum, 

 transverse part 



- Transverse colon 



apex of the bladder below, where it usually becomes much stouter. Lateral to 

 the urachus, and some distance from it (Fig. 965), will be foungl, in the same 

 fatty tissue, (5) two stouter fibrous cords, the obliterated umbilical arteries (O.T. ob- 

 literated hype-gastric arteries), 

 forming the plica umbilicalis 

 lateralis dextra and sinistra. 

 Traced upwards, these also 

 become more slender, and 

 approach the urachus, along 

 with which they are connected 



to the Umbilicus. Below, Lesser omentum 



they grow thicker, and can be 

 followed backwards along the 

 side wall of the pelvis to the 

 hypogastric arteries, which 

 (c) More laterally 

 inferior epigastric 

 arteries are seen running up- 

 wards and medially from the 

 external iliac trunk on each 

 side. 



When the anterior ab- 

 dominal wall is examined 

 from behind, it will be seen 

 that these five structures, 

 which lie on the front of the 

 peritoneum, carry that mem- 

 brane inwards towards the 

 abdominal cavity in the form 

 of five more or less distinct 

 ridges, known as the plica 

 umbilicalis media, plicae um- 

 bilicales laterales, and plicae 

 epigastricse, respectively. In FIG. 964. DIAGRAMMATIC MEDIAN SECTION OP FEMALE BODY, to 

 relation to these are found show the peritoneum on vertical tracing. The great sac of the 



On each side three peritoneal peritoneum is blue and is represented as being much larger 



than in nature ; the bursa omentalis is coloured red ; the 



SS86, known as the fOVeae in- peritoneum in section is shown as a white line : and a white 



gllinales (O.T. inguinal pouches arrow is passed through the epiploic foramen from the great sac 



into the bursa omentalis. 



Uterus - 



Urinary bladder 



Mesentery of 

 small intestine 



- Small intestine 



- Rectum 



The fovea inguinalis lateralis lies lateral to the inferior epigastric artery, and corresponds to 

 the position of the abdominal inguinal ring. At its bottom is often found a dimple-like depres- 

 sion of the peritoneum, indicating the point from which ,the processus vaginalis passed down, 

 in connexion with the descent of the testis. The fovea inguinalis medialis is situated between 

 the inferior epigastric and the obliterated umbilical arteries ; whilst the fovea supravesicalis lies 

 to the medial side of the obliterated umbilical artery, namely, between it and the urachus. 



Between the inferior epigastric artery laterally, the margin of the rectus abdominis muscle 

 medially, and the inguinal ligament below, there is a small triangular region, called Hesselbach's 

 triangle. The obliterated umbilical artery, in passing upwards, crosses this triangle, dividing it 

 into a lateral and a medial part. The middle inguinal fossa corresponds to the lateral division 

 of the triangle, and the medial fossa to its medial division. 



Still another fossa of the peritoneum is seen in this region, just beneath the medial part of the 

 inguinal ligament, corresponding to the position of the femoral ring, and consequently known as 

 the fovea femoralis. It may be added that the ductus deferens crosses the lateral part of the fovea 

 femoralis, and the obliterated umbilical artery its medial part. The significance of those fossae 

 is referred to in connexion with the applied anatomy of the inguinal and femoral regions. 



Near the median plane, above the umbilicus, the peritoneum is carried back from 

 the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm to the parietal surface of the liver in 

 the form of a crescentic fold, the falciform ligament of the liver (described with the 

 liver), which connects the liver to the abdominal wall. This fold lies somewhat to 

 the right of the median plane, and extends almost as low down as the umbilicus. 



79 a 



