THE SUPKAKENAL GLANDS. 



1345 



by the liver ; antero-medially by the vena cava inferior ; postero-medially by the diaphragm 

 i above, and by the kidney below. In a formalin-hardened specimen these areas are 

 i separated by prominent ridges. Near the apex of the gland, within the area of contact 

 : with the vena cava inferior, there is a short fissure, the hilum. From this emerges a vein 

 j which immediately joins the vena cava. The left gland is also flat, but is semilunar in 



outline. It is moulded antero-laterally, by the stomach above, and by the pancreas 



Medulla of suprarenal gland 



Cortex of suprarenal gland 



Aorta 



Left crus of diaphragm 



Intervertebral fibre-cartilage 



Spinal medulla 



FIG. 1056.- 



-TRANSVBRSE SECTION THROUGH THE SUPRARENAL GLAND OF A NEW-BORN CHILD 



IN SITU. 



below ; postero-medially by the: diaphragm above, and by the kidney below. Upon the 

 anterior surface, near its loj^er end, is a well-marked fissure, the hilum. From this emerges 

 a, vein which almost immediately joins the left'renal vein. 



The relations of the right and left glands to the kidneys are different. The right lies 

 like a cap upon the superior pole of the right kidney; the left is in contact with the 

 antero-medial border of the left kidney from the hilus to the superior pole. The relation 



FIG. 1057. RECONSTRUCTION OP SUPRARENAL GLAND OF A DOG. (From Marshall Flint.) 



le upper part shows the arrangement of blood-vessels upon the surface of the gland, the lower part 

 their arrangement within its substance. 



'}f the glands to the peritoneum is not only different but variable. On the right side the 

 peritoneum may cover the lower part of the antero-lateral surface of the gland ; or this 

 part may be in contact with the duodenum, in which case a small area about the middle 

 of the surface may be covered by peritoneum ; or the peritoneum may not come into 

 'relation with the gland at all. On the left side the upper part of the anterior surface 

 'is commonly covered by the peritoneum of the omental bursa, the lower part being 



86 



