THE LUNGS AND PLEUK^E. 



1399 



I The transverse fissure of the right lung is mapped out by drawing a line from 

 e anterior border of the lung, at the level of the fourth costal cartilage, laterally 

 and slightly upwards to join the middle of the oblique fissure. 



Pleurae. The line of reflection of the right pleura from the back of the 

 sternum may be said to correspond to the anterior border of the right lung. 



Right vagus nerve Trachea 



(Esophagus 



Right subclaviai 

 artery 



Right 



innominate vein 

 Innominate 

 artery 



Left subclavian artery 



Sulcus subclavius 



Left vagus nerve 



Left common 

 arotid artery 



Left inno- 

 minate vein 



1091. DISSECTION OF A SUBJECT HARDENED BY FORMALIN INJECTION, to show the relations of the two 

 pleural sacs as viewed from the front. The anterior and diaphragmatic lines of pleural reflection are 

 exhibited by black dotted lines, whilst the outlines of the lungs and their fissures are indicated by the 

 blue lines. (From Cunningham.) 



On the left side, the pleural reflection corresponds to the anterior border of the 

 3ft lung as far as the inferior edge of the fourth chondro-sternal junction, from 

 which point it diverges slightly and descends, behind the left border of the sternum, 

 to the sixth costal cartilage (Fig. 1091). It is only occasionally that the anterior 

 extremities of the fifth and sixth interspaces are uncovered by pleura. 



The right costo-diaphragmatic reflection (see Eigs. 1091 and 1093) is indicated 

 on the surface by a line drawn from the sixth or seventh chondro-sternal junction 

 (sometimes the infrasternal notch) downwards and laterally to a point two inches 



