220 



ANATOMY FOR NURSES. [CHAP. XIX. 



The next in size are the fungiform papillce, 1 found principally on 

 the tip and sides of the tongue. The smallest and most numer- 

 ous are the filiform papillce, found all over the tongue, excepting 

 the root, and bearing on their free surface a form of ciliated 

 epithelium. In some animals the hair-like processes on the fili- 



Fio. 128. THE UPPER SURFACE OF THE TONGUE. 1, 2, circumvallate papillae; 

 3, fuiigil'orm papillae ; 4, filiform papillae ; 6, mucous glands. 



form papillae are horny in structure, and their tongues are cor- 

 respondingly roughened, so that they supplement the teeth in 

 the bruising and crushing of food. In man these hair-like pro- 



1 The fungiform papillae resemble fungi, having an expanded upper portion 

 resting on a short, thick pedicle. The circumvallate papillae resemble the 

 fungiform, except that they are surrounded by a wall of smaller papillae. 



