494 BACILLI IN CHRONIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 



the testicles. At the end of this time the scrotum is red and shining, 

 the epidermis desquamates, and suppuration occurs, the pus some- 

 times perforating the integument. This pus is found to contain the 

 glanders bacillus. The animal usually dies in the course of twelve 

 to fifteen days. When the animals are killed three or four days 

 after the inoculation, the two layers of the tunica vaginalis testis 

 are found to be covered with a purulent exudate containing the 

 glanders bacillus and to be more or less adherent. Even as early 

 as the second day the tunica vaginalis is seen to be covered with 

 granulations. 



An attenuation of virulence occurs in cultures whicn have been 

 kept for some time, and inoculations with such cultures may give a 

 negative result ; or, when considerable quantities are injected, may 

 produce a fatal result at a later date than is usual when small 

 amounts of a recent culture are injected into susceptible animals. 



Kalning, Preusse, and Pearson have obtained from cultures of 

 the glanders bacillus a glycarin extract similar to the crude tubercu- 

 lin of Koch mallein. This, when injected into animals suffering 

 from glanders, gives rise to a considerable elevation of temperature, 

 and it is used as a means of diagnosis in cases of suspected infection in 

 animals in which the usual symptoms have not yet manifested them- 

 selves. The value of the test has been demonstrated by numerous 

 experiments. 



Bonome (1894), as a result of extended researches, arrives at the 

 following conclusions : 



" 1. The bacillus is found not only in the diseased tissues and 

 purulent discharges, but also in the urine and milk of infected ani- 

 mals. 



" 2. The bacillus is found in the foetus of infected animals even 

 when the placenta is free from any pathological change. 



" 3. The glanders bacillus is very sensitive to desiccation and will 

 not grow after being preserved for ten days at 25 C. 



" 4. In distilled water the bacillus dies out in six days. 



" 5. On the contrary, when protected from desiccation it resists 

 a comparatively high temperature 70 C. for six hours; a temper- 

 ature of 90 to 100 C. destroys it in three minutes." 



BACILLUS OF LUSTGARTEN. 



Synonym. Syphilis bacillus. 



Found by Lustgarten (1884) in syphilitic lesions and secretions of syphi- 

 litic ulcers, and believed by him to be the specific infectious agent in this 

 disease. No satisfactory experimental evidence that this is the case has yet 

 been obtained. 



Morphology. Straight or curved bacilli, which bear considerable resem- 

 blance to tubercle bacilli, but differ from them in the staining reactions. 

 They are usually more or less curved, or bent at a sharp angle, or S-shaped ; 



