NOT DESCRIBED IN PREVIOUS SECTIONS. 561 



logical products from man. It is distinguished from them by its pathogenic 

 action upon mice. White and gray mice when infected with our bacillus 

 die from septicaemia and show, in addition to a serous exudation at the point 

 of inoculation, constant pathological changes in the kidneys, which may usu- 

 ally be recognized by a macroscopic examination. Also by the spleen, which 

 is not always enlarged, and the liver, which only in a few cases showed any 

 microscopic changes. In mice inoculated with the bacillus of Faschmg, or 

 that of Abel, which died of septicaemia, there was constantly seen an en- 

 largement of the spleen (Fasching, Abel) and of the liver (Abel), and a 

 cloudy swelling of the liver and kidneys (Abel) which our mice failed to 

 show. The macroscopic and microscopic changes which we found in the 

 kidneys in mice, and also in some cases in the liver and spleen, were not ob- 

 served by Fasching or by Abel. Eecently Paulseii has described a capsule ba- 

 cillus from atrophic rhinitis, and Marchand a capsule bacillus not further 

 described which he obtained in great numbers from the exudate in a case 

 of lobar pneumonia. Both appear to be very similar to Fasching's bacillus. 

 They are pathogenic for mice, but do not cause the changes in the kidneys 

 which we have described. These capsule bacilli are therefore not identical 

 with ours. Marchaiid's bacillus is further distinguished by the fact that it is 

 pathogenic for guinea-pigs. . . . The bacillus of Kockel is distinguished 

 from ours by the following characters : It forms upon the surface of gelatin, 

 as well as in stick cultures, highly elevated, button like colonies, while our 

 bacillus grows more in flat and broad layers. It also lacks the semi-fluid 

 character of growth upon slanting agar, which distinguishes our bacillus, 

 and as a result of which the growth slips down to the lowest point on the 

 slanting surface ; further it forms upon potato a yellowish layer, while ours 

 is grayish- white ; and it does not grow in acid media. Finally, it is patho- 

 genic for rabbits by intravenous injection, while ours is not." 



BACILLUS MUCOSUS OZ^N^. 



Obtained by Abel (1893) from cases of ozi^na simplex (rhinitis atrophicans 

 fcetida). As this bacillus appears to correspond in its morphological and bio- 

 logical characters with the capsule bacillus above described we shall not 

 repeat this description, but quote from Abel, as follows: 



"Thi.s bacillus, found in the secretion from cases of ozaena, as the de- 

 scription we have given shows, closely resembles Friedlander's pneumo- 

 bacillus. It is distinguished from it by certain constant characters. The 

 ozrena bacillus forms in cultures a more fluid mass than Friedlander's. As 

 a result of this it does not form the characteristic nail-head culture, but 

 spreads out over the surface of the gelatin. Upon slanting gelatin cultures 

 the growth slips down to the lowest point. In old cultures it never shows a 

 brown coloring of the culture medium. It never forms gas on potato, and 

 in agar and gelatin cultures but little gas is developed. Mice always suc- 

 cumb to subcutaneous inoculations, while Friedlander's bacillus does not 

 kill mice. Intraperitoneal infection of guinea-pigs with the ozseiia bacillus 

 always causes their death. Friedlander's bacillus only killed about half the 

 guinea-pigs inoculated in the cavity of the abdomen. Finally, Friedlander's 

 bacillus has a greater tendency to cocci-like forms. The resemblance to 

 Pfeiffers capsule bacillus is closer. But the tenacious layer described by 

 Pfeiffer as found upon the intestinal coils and the lungs in mice, and the 

 sticky condition of the blood and tissue juices (fadenziehende) are want- 

 ing. The reaction at the point of inoculation in mice is also much more 

 pronounced with my bacillus." 



It seems extremely probable that this bacillus, the Bacillus capsulatus mu- 

 cosus of Fasching, and the above-described capsule bacillus of Nicolaier 

 are simply pathogenic varieties of one and the same bacillus. 



36 



