656 BACTERIA OF THE SURFACE OF THE BODY 



women are for the most part strictly anaerobic species, and that 

 among these he found two non-pathogenic streptococci. 



Menge (189-4) has examined the vaginal secretions in fifty non- 

 pregnant women who had been in bed for at least fourteen days 

 after laparotomy. Microscopical examination showed the presence 

 of bacteria in all cases, but in only six cases was a development of 

 colonies obtained upon agar plates; in one case Streptococcus pyo- 

 genes was present. Menge concludes from his investigations that 

 spontaneous infection during childbirth cannot occur, and that with 

 the exception of the gonococcus the known pathogenic bacteria can- 

 not multiply in the cervical canal. 



Gawronsky (1894) has examined the secretions from the healthy 

 urethra in sixty-two women, most of whom were under treatment 

 for uterine disease or displacement. The material for his cultures 

 was obtained b}* means of a platinum loop, introduced through a 

 glass cylinder, at a distance of one or one and. one-half centimetres 

 from the external orifice of the urethra. In fifteen out of the sixty- 

 two cases examined a positive result was obtained, as follows: In 

 three cases Streptococcus pj^ogenes, in eight Staphylococcus pyogenes 

 aureus, in one Staphylococcus pyogenes albus, in two Bacillus coli 

 communis, in one Bacterium tholoideum of Gessner. 



The following species have been obtained from the nasal and 

 buccal secretions : 



FROM THE NOSE. 



Non-pathogenic. Micrococcus nasalis (Hajek), Diplococcus coryzoe 

 (Hajek), Micrococcus albus liquefaciens (Von Besser), Micrococcus cumu- 

 latus tenuis (Von Besser), Micrococcus tetragenus subflavus (Von Besser), 

 Diplococcus fluorescens f retidus (Klamann), Micrococcus foetidus (Klamann), 

 Vibrio nasalis (Weibel), Bacillus striatus flavus (Von. Besser), Bacillus 

 striatus albus (Von Besser). 



Pathogenic. Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus, Staphylococcus pyogenes 

 albus, Streptococcus pyogenes. Bacillus of Friedlander, Bacillus of rhino- 

 scleroma (?), Bacillus foetidus ozaeiise (Hajek), Bacillus mallei (Loffler), Ba- 

 cillus smaragdmus foetidus (Reimann). 



FROM THE MOUTH. 



Non-pathogenic. Micrococcus roseus (Eisenberg), Micrococcus A, B, C, 

 D, E of Podbielskij, Sarcina pulmonum (Hauser), Sarcina lutea, Micrococcus 

 candicans (Fliigge), Bacillus of Miller, Bacillus virescens (Frick), Vibrio 

 rugula, Vibrio lingualis (Weibel), Pseudo-diphtheria bacillus (Von Hoff- 

 mann), Bacillus mesentericus vulgatus, Bacillus subtiHs, Bacillus a, b, c, d, 

 e, /, gr, h, i, and,/ of Vignal, Bacillus subtilis similis, Bacillus radiciformis 

 (Eisenberg), Bacillus luteus, Bacillus fluorescens non-liquefaciens, Bacillus 

 ruber, Bacillus viridiflavus, Proteus Zenkeri, Bacillus G, H, I, J, K, L, M. 

 N, and Vibrio O andP of Podbielskij, Vibrio viridaiis (Miller), Micrococcus 

 nexifer (Miller), lodococcus magnus (Miller), Ascococcus buccalis (Miller), 

 Bacillus fuscans (Miller). 



Pathogenic. Staphylococcus pyogenes albus, Staphylococcus pyogenes 

 aureus, Staphylococcus salivarius septicus (Biondi), Streptococcus pyogenes, 

 Micrococcus salivarius septicus (Biondi), Micrococcus tetra<jenus (Gaffky), 



