BACILLUS MALLEI AND GLANDERS 793 



and the local reaction is much smaller and more transient. Injec- 

 tions are best made into the breast or the side of the neck. 



The directions given by the United States Government for using 

 mallein for the diagnosis of glanders in horses are as follows : 



' * Make the test, if possible, with a healthy horse, as well as with 

 one or more affected or supposed to be affected with glanders. Take 

 the temperature of all these animals at least three times a day for 

 one or more days before making the injections. 



"The injection is most conveniently made at 6 or 7 o'clock in 

 the morning, and the maximum temperature will then usually be 

 reached by or before 10 P.M. of the same day. 



"Use for each horse one cubic centimeter of the mallein solution 

 as sent out, and make the injection beneath the skin of the middle 

 of one side of the neck, where the local swelling can be readily 

 detected. 



"Carefully sterilize the syringe after injecting each horse by 

 naming the needle over an alcohol lamp or, better, use separate 

 syringes for healthy and suspected animals. If the same syringe 

 is used, inject the healthy animals first, and flame the needle of 

 the syringe after each injection. 



"Take the temperature every two hours for at least eighteen 

 hours after the injection. Sterilize the thermometer in a 5 per cent 

 solution of carbolic acid, or a 0.2 per cent solution of corrosive 

 sublimate, after taking the temperature of each animal. 



"The temperature, as a rule, will begin to rise from four to eight 

 hours after the injection, and reach its maximum from ten to sixteen 

 hours after injection. On the day succeeding the injection tako 

 the temperature at least three times. 



"In addition to the febrile reaction, note the size, appearance, 

 and duration of any local swelling at the point of injection. Note 

 the general condition and symptoms of the animal, both before, 

 during, and after the test. 



"Keep the solution in the sealed bottle and in a cool place, and 

 do not use it when it is clouded or if it is more than six weeks 

 old ; when it leaves the laboratory of the Bureau it is sterile. ' ' 



If the result of first injection is doubtful, the horse should be 

 isolated and retested in from one to three months, when the slight 

 immunity conferred by the first injection will have disappeared. 

 The second injection into healthy horses usually shows no reaction 

 whatever. 



