816 PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS 



we insert a record of plague cases reported from various places in 

 1911, which we take from Jackson's Book on Plague. 18 This record 

 appeared in the British Medical Journal for September 16th, 1911 : 



India. Deaths from plague in India during the first six months (of 1011), 

 604,634. Most prevalent (1) United Provinces, 281,317 (2) Punjab, 171,084; 

 (3) Bengal, 58,515; (4) Bombay Presidency, 28,109. Deaths in July, not 

 included above, 8,990. 



Hong Kong. April 24 to August 21 (1911), 255 cases, 194 deaths. 



China. Since January 1, 1911, plague was reported in varying intensity 

 in (provinces and towns) Manchuria, Peking, Tientsin, Chefoo, Shantung, 

 Shanghai, Amoy, Foochow, Swatow, Canton, Pakhoi and Laichow. 



Indo-China. At Saigon, in March and April (1911), many cases reported. 

 April 17 to May 7, 56 cases; 17 deaths. May 22 to May 28, 37 cases; 

 12 deaths. 



Siam. In Bangkok plague was more severe during 1911 than in any 

 previous year. March 15 to April 15, 33 cases and 29 deaths. 



Java and Sumatra. In Java, May 25 to June 3 (1911), 105 cases and 

 62 deaths (one province). In Sumatra plague was present, no statistics. 



Straits Settlements. A few cases mostly imported, reported in 1911. 



Japan. A few cases at Kobe in 1911. In Formosa, from April 2 to 

 April 15, 31 cases ; 24 deaths. 



Egypt. Plague reported from Port Said, Suakin (on board ship), Cairo 

 and Alexandria ; also from 11 provinces. The province of Kena had a severe 

 outbreak, May 5 to May 31 (1911), 51 cases and 49 deaths. 



Persia. Several cases reported from ports on the Persian Gulf. 



Turkey in Asia. A few cases at Muscat, Basra and at Port of Jeddah. 



British East Africa. Kismayu and Port Florence reported a few cases 

 in April (1911). 



Mauritius. January 1 to April 11 (1911), 110 cases and 70 deaths. 



Portuguese East Africa. Plague was reported present at Nahoria in May 

 (1911). 



Eussia. In the Kirgis Steppe in the Astrakan Government in January 

 (1911), 50 cases; 30 deaths. 



South America. Plague prevailed during 1911 in Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, 

 Chile and Venezuela. No severe outbreak except in Peru, where from 

 February to May many cases occurred and died. At Libertad, in March, 60 

 cases and 23 deaths were reported. 



Plague is primarily a disease of rodents. The bacillus is 

 pathogenic for rats, mice, guinea-pigs, rabbits, for the California 



18 Jackson, Plague, Lippincott & Co., 1916. 



