872 



PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS 



tion at room temperature. The serum of immune animals, further- 

 more, has a protective action upon other birds. 



It is not impossible that the Spirochaeta gallinarum may be 

 identical with the Spirochaeta anserina previously discovered by 

 Sacharoff. 63 This last-named microorganism causes a disease in 

 geese, observed especially in Eussia and Northern Africa, which both 

 clinically and in its pathological lesions corresponds closely to the 

 disease above described as occurring in chickens. The spirochaete 

 is found during the febrile period of the disease in the circulating 

 blood, is morphologically indistinguishable from the spirochaete of 



FIG. 98- -SPIROCH^ETE GALLINARUM. (From preparation furnished by Dr. G. N. 



Calkins.) 



chickens, and can not be cultivated artificially. The similarity is 

 further strengthened by the fact that Spirochaeta anserina is 

 pathogenic for other birds, but not for animals of other genera. 

 Noguchi has succeeded in cultivating Spirochaeta gallinarum by the 

 same method by which he has cultivated the organisms of relapsing 

 fever. Ascitic fluid tubes with a piece of sterile rabbit kidney 

 were inoculated with a few drops of blood containing the spirochaetes 

 and cultivated at 37.5 C. under anaerobic conditions. 



Spirochaeta phagedenis. This is an organism cultivated by 

 Noguchi by his ascitic-fluid-tissue method from phagedenic lesions 

 on human external genitals. It is probably a new species. 



Sacharoff, Ann. de 1'inst. Pasteur, 1891. 



