SECTION V* 



THE HIGHER BACTERIA, MOLDS AND FUNGI 





CHAPTER XLIX 



THE HIGHEB BACTEKIA 



( Chlamydobacteriaceoe, TricJiomycetes, Microsiphonales) 



STANDING midway between the true bacteria and the more complex 

 molds, there are a number of pathogenic microorganisms which offer 

 great difficulties to classification. These forms resemble the hyphomy- 

 cetes in the gross appearance of the cultures, which are dry, tough, 

 wrinkled and sometimes covered with a down of aerial outgrowths. 

 Morphologically they are made up of filaments which often show at 

 the ends chains of round bodies analogous to arthrospores. In the size 

 and structure of their component cells they are, however, far more 

 like the bacteria. The component cells of the filaments are usually 

 about 0.3 micron and rarely more than 1 micron in diameter. They 

 frequently stain unevenly but show no definite nuclei and the round 

 spore-like cells are about the size of micrococci. In the classification 

 of Migula most of these forms have been placed in a rather hetero- 

 geneous group, the Chlamydobacteriaceae. By other authors, notably 

 Lachner-Sandoval, 1 Berestnew, 2 and by Petruschky, 3 the close relation- 

 ship of these forms to the higher hyphomycetes has been emphasized 

 and they have been grouped as a subdivision of the true fungi under 

 the family name of Trichomycetes. 



* For a careful revision of this Section we are indebted to Dr. J. Gardner 

 Hopkins. 



* Lachner-Sandoval, "Ueber Strahlenpilze. " Diss. Strassburg, 1898. 

 2 Berestnew, Eef. Cent, f. Bakt., xxiv, 1898. 



'Petruschky, in Kolle und Wassermann, "Handbuch, " etc. 



961 



