982 



THE HIGHER BACTERIA, MOLDS AND FUNGI 



fermentation. It is due to the work chiefly of Pasteur 12 and of Hansen 3 

 that the beer and wine industries have been carried on along exact and 

 scientific lines. 



Many observers include in the yeast family certain pathogenic fungi 

 causing thrush and blastomycosis. These will be described in the section 

 on the hyphomycetes. 



THE MOLDS. The powdery molds which so frequently appear in 

 Petri dish cultures and which even grow through cotton plugs and 



FIG. 110. PENICILLIUM GLAU- FIG. 111. ASPERGILLUS GLAUCUS. m. Mycelial 



threads, s. Sterigmata. r. Ascospore. p. 

 Germinating cond'lum. A. Ascus. (After de 

 Bary.) 



CUM. A. Showing septate 

 mycelia. B . End of a hyp ha 

 branching into two coni- 

 diophores, from which are 

 given off the sterigmata. 

 From the ends of these are 

 developed the round conidia. 

 (After Zopf .) 



invade tube cultures also belong to ihu ascomycetes. The two 

 commonest genera have characteristic conidiophores which make 

 their identification easy. 



'Hansen, Prac, Studies in Fermentation, London, 1896, 



