MASTIGOPHORA 1097 



Since intravenous treatment of children with any drug is difficult, 

 a search has been made for preparations which can be given into the 

 muscles, without producing pain or necrosis. Some promising results 

 have been obtained by Spagnolio and Manson-Bahr, 12 with acetyl-p- 

 amino-phenyl-stibiate of sodium, and "stibenyl" a related drug. The 

 drug is dissolved in distilled water and "stibenyl" according to 

 Manson-Bahr, may be given in doses up to 0.6 gram for an adult. The 

 treatments are given weekly over a period of 4 or 5 months with 

 resulting cure. The time of treatment may be shortened by using the 

 intravenous route when possible. 



The prognosis, as a result of the new treatment with antimony, 

 may now be considered good, particularly in acute cases. 



Two other forms of dermal leishmaniasis have been described ; the 

 first, due to Leishmania braziliensis, occurs in many parts of South 

 America. The parasite is morphologically identical with Leishmania 

 tropica. Since the disease is always contracted in the virgin forest, 

 one name for the affection is forest yaws ; uta and espundia are prob- 

 ably different clinical forms of the same disease. The transmitting 

 insect cannot well belong to the household vermin or domestic insects ; 

 sylvan insects such as the ixodides, tabanides, simulids, mosquitoes and 

 ConorJiinus are all suspected of being carriers. 



The second form is called Leishmania nilotica (Brumpt, 1913). 

 and is found in non-ulcerating keloid nodules in Egyptian negroes. 

 Morphologically, the parasite is indistinguishable from Leishmania 

 tropica. 



12 Spagnolio, Giuseppe, Tropical Diseases Bulletin, London, 1920, 16, 455, and 

 Manson-Bahr, Philip, Brit. Med. Jour. 1920, Aug. 14, 235. 



