GNOPHRIA. 159 



The only European representative of this genus has rather 

 squarer fore-wings and narrower hind-wings than in typical 

 Lithosicz, but may be distinguished at a glance from almost 

 any British Moth at all resembling it in size and shape, by 

 its sooty black colour. As usual in this Family, the insect, 

 which is not uncommon in England, feeds on lichens in the 

 larva state, and constructs a cocoon. 



THE RED-NECKED FOOTMAN. GNOPHRIA RUBRICOLLIS. 



Noctua rubricolliS) Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. (ed. x.) i. p. 511, no. 



83(*75 8 ); Clerck, Icones, pi. 2, fig. 3 (1759); Esper, 



Schmett. iv. p. 90, Taf. 92, fig. i (1786). 

 Noctua rubicollis, Linnaeus, Faun. Suec. p. 307 (1761); id. 



Mus. Ludov. Ulric. p. 386 (1764). 



Bombyx rubricolliS) Hiibner, Eur. Schmett. iii. fig. 94 (1800?). 

 Lithosia rubricollis, Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Eur. iii. p. 142 



(1810); Godart, Lepid. France, v. p. 22, pi. 42, fig. 3 



(1824); Barrett, Lepid. Brit. Isl. ii. p. 229, pi. 68, figs. 



i, 10-^(1894). 

 Gnophria rubricollis, Stephens, 111. Brit. Ent. Haust. ii. p. 98 



(1829); Kirby, Eur. Butterflies & Moths, p. 99, pi. 22, 



fig. 10 (1879); Buckler, Larvae of Brit. Lepid. iii. p. 34, 



pi. 42, fig. 2 (1889). 



The Red-necked Footman is common throughout Europe, 

 Northern and Western Asia. It expands from i inch to i^ inch. 



Red-necked Footman. 



It is a black insect with a red collar and the tip of the 

 abdomen rich golden-yellow. 



