LIPARID^. 193 



and the flight is diurnal. There is no prediscoidal cell on 

 the fore-wings, the cross-nervure so characteristic of the Nyc- 

 temeridce. being absent, and on the hind-wings, the costal ner- 

 vure is completely detached from the sub-costal, though closely 

 approximating to it. But what distinguishes this genus from 

 almost all others is the immensely long fringe of hair on the 

 hind-wings, all along the inner margin, and the lower half of 

 the hind margin, almost as long as the breadth of the wing at its 

 narrowest part, and rilling up the whole space between the 

 wing and the abdomen. The type, Pterothysanus laticilia^ 

 Walker, is not uncommon in Northern India, and measures 

 from 2^ to 3 inches across the wings. The head and collar 

 are bright red, the thorax black, the abdomen yellowish, with 

 black spots, the fore-wings black, with several irregular rows 

 of large white spots, and the hind-wings white, with two 

 transverse bands, and most of the hind margin black. 



FAMILY XXII. LIPARID^S. 



. Generally laid in batches, and covered with down from 

 the body of the female. 



Larva. Usually with projecting tufts of short and stiff, or long 

 and soft, hair; feeding, as a rule, on trees. 



Pupa. Enclosed in a cocoon. 



Imago. Usually with strongly pectinated antennae, at least in 

 the males ; body sometimes slender in the males, but generally 

 short, stout, and tufted at the extremity in the females ; wings 

 ample ; flight diurnal in the males of many species ; females 

 sometimes apterous. Many species which fly at dusk or 

 at night may be found resting on the trunks of trees in 

 the daytime. The proboscis is short or obsolete, but the 

 frenulum is well marked, as is usually the case in strongly- 

 13 o 



