62 LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



The larva lives between the leaves of the elm, which it 

 weaves loosely together with a few silken threads, but it is 

 also sometimes met with on low plants. It is pale bluish- 

 green, sometimes slightly yellowish, especially just before its 

 metamorphosis, and the head is of the same colour as the 

 body. It is marked with five longitudinal white lines, three 

 on the back, and one on each side over the spiracles. The 

 three dorsal lines converge at the anal fold, where they become 

 nearly united. The segment behind the head bears a cervical 

 plate, and on the succeeding segments are small black tubercles 

 set with a few dark hairs. The spiracles are black. When 

 young the body is blackish, with a white median dorsal line. 

 After the second moult the five pale lines first appear in the 

 dark ground-colour ; and at the second moult the larva 

 becomes green. 



The moth appears in July and August. It is closely allied 

 to another species, C. diffinis (Linn.), which is much more 

 distinctly marked with very conspicuous white spots on the 

 costa, from which the lines rise. 



SUB-FAMILY X. HADENIN^E. 



This is an extensive group which has much resemblance to 

 the Apamein&i and, like these, the sub-terminal line of the fore- 

 wings generally forms a strongly-marked W. The moths are 

 of moderate size, often with marbled markings on the fore-wings, 

 and are usually grey, brown, or green. They are generally 

 hairy, with short palpi, and naked eyes. 



The larvae are long and smooth, with no excrescences, except 

 that the penultimate segment is sometimes slightly raised. 

 They feed openly on low plants, and the pupae are formed in 

 earthen cocoons in the ground. 



