A HAND -LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 53 



tropical and south Africa. Replaced in Corsica and Sardinia, in 

 Transcaucasia, Persia and west Turkestan, by closely-allied forms 

 which require further study. 



AMPELIS GARRULUS 



113. Ampelis garrulus (L.) THE WAXWING. 



LANIUS GARRULUS Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 95 (1758 "Habitat 



in Europa." Typical locality : Sweden). 



Ampelis garrulus Linnaeus, Yarrell, i, p. 523 ; Saunders, p. 155. 



DISTRIBUTION. Great Britain. Irregular visitor from Oct. to 

 March, but generally in winter- months, very occasionally April, 

 very rarely May, and twice July (Yorks.). Sometimes occurs in 

 considerable numbers, as in winters 1686, 1834-5, 1849-50, 1866-7, 

 1872-3, 1892-3, 1901-2, and 1903-4. Most frequent on eastern side. 

 Has occurred in most counties but rarely in west England and 

 Scotland, and still more rarely in Wales and north Scotland (includ- 

 ing Orkneys and Shetlands), and only twice in 0. Hebrides. 

 Ireland. Rare and irregular winter- visitor chiefly in east and north. 

 Occasionally in some numbers, as in 1903-4. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Arctic regions of eastern and western 

 hemispheres. In Europe, north Scandinavia, north Finland, and 

 north Russia. In winter farther south, regularly as far as East 

 Prussia, rarely to Italy. 



[XoTE. The example of the SOUTH AFRICAN BULBUL (Pycnonotus capensis, 

 or one of its subspecies) shot near Waterford, Ireland, Jan., 1838, had no 

 doubt escaped from captivity (Yarrell, i, p. 247 ; Saunders, p. 144).] 



MUSCICAPA STRIATA* 



114. Muscicapa striata striata (Pall.) THE SPOTTED 

 FLYCATCHER. 



MOTACILLA STRIATA Pallas, Vroeg's Cat. Verzam. Vogelen, etc., Adum- 



bratiuncula, p. 3 (1764 Holland). 



Muscicapa grisola Linnaeus, Yarrell, i, p. 220 ; Saunders, p. 157. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Summer-resident (May or late April 

 to Sept.). Generally distributed except in O. Hebrides, where only 

 two vagrants (Flannans, June 14, 1905, and Sept. 23, 1909) ; in 

 north Sutherland where it breeds rarely, and in Caithness where 

 doubtful breeder, but occurs as migrant in Orkneys, where bred 

 for a year or two about 1867, but otherwise known only as occasional 



* Since the rediscovery of the rare work quoted (only three copies appear 

 to be known, but a reprint has been made of the " Adumbratiuncula ") its 

 new names have been adopted, and under these circumstances striata of 1764 

 antedates grisola of 1766. E.H. 



