56 A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Irregular passage-migrant, chiefly 

 Sept. and Oct., but occasionally Nov., once Jan. (Cornwall), and once 

 June (Cheshire). England, nineteen obtained and others seen ; 

 Norfolk, eleven and two others seen ; Lines., one ; Yorks., one and 

 three others said to have been seen; Northumberland, one ; Cheshire, 

 one ; Cornwall, one and another seen ; Scilly Isles, three. Scotland, 

 seven obtained and others seen : Fair Isle, four and others seen ; 

 O. Hebrides, one and two seen ; Bell Rock (Fife), one ; Isle of 

 May (Forth), one. Ireland, five obtained at Lights : Wexford, 

 two ; Cork, one ; Kerry, one ; Donegal, one. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Breeds in Europe from St. Petersburg, 

 Riigen, and Denmark to Alps, apparently eastwards to west Siberia. 

 On migration occasionally in south Sweden, more often in Heligoland, 

 Holland and elsewhere in west Europe. In winter in western parts 

 of India ; also observed at Cairo, and will probably be found in 

 winter in parts of tropical Africa. Replaced by other races in east 

 Siberia, and Himalayas. 



PHYLLOSCOPUS COLLYBITA* 



119. Phylloscopus collybita collybita (Vieill.) THE CHIFF- 

 CHAFF. 



SYLVIA COLLYBITA Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., nouv. ed., xi, 

 p. 235 (1817 France). 



Phylloscopus collybita (Vieillot), Yarrell, i, p. 437 ; Phylloscopus rufus 

 (Bechstein), Saunders, p. 67. 



DISTRIBUTION. England, Wales, and Ireland. Summer-resident 

 from mid-March to Sept., but occasionally a few winter in south 

 England, especially Cornwall and Devon, and in Ireland. Weil 

 distributed, but rare or local in Norfolk, Lanes., and north-west 

 Yorks. Also a passage- migrant. Scotland. Except in south-west 

 (Sol way and Clyde) and south-east (Tweed), where it is local summer- 

 resident, in Forth, where it is extremely local, and in some I. Hebrides, 

 where it has nested (Arran, Bute, Mull), it is a somewhat rare passage- 

 migrant occurring in small numbers up east side, and still more 

 rarely in Orkneys, Fair Isle, and Shetlands. On west side from 

 Argyll northwards practically unrecorded, but has been noted as 

 fairly common near Loch Maree (Ross.) (A. H. Evans, Ann. S.N.H., 

 1896, p. 94) ; only a rare vagrant to 0. Hebrides. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Breeding in central, west, and south 

 Europe. Winters in Mediterranean countries, especially in north- 

 west Africa. Replaced by closely- allied forms in east and north 

 Europe, Siberia, and central Asia, and on Canary Islands. 



* The name " rufus " has been erroneously used for the Chiff chaff. It 

 was first introduced by Gmelin, but his Motacilla rufa does not refer to a 

 Phylloscopus at all. The first certain name is collybita. E.H. 



