82 A HAND -LIST OF BRITISH BIKDS. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Western Mediterranean countries, south 

 of the Alpine range and south Tyrol. Passing through the western 

 Sahara and observed as far south as Senegambia. Has been shot 

 on Heligoland. Replaced in eastern Mediterranean countries, 

 east to Asia Minor and Syria, by (E. hispanica xanthomelcena. 

 ((E. h. gaddi from west Persia is as yet insufficiently known.) 



171. CEnanthe hispanica xanthomelaena (Hempr. & Ehr.)* 

 THE EASTERN BLACK-EARED WHEATEAR. 



SAXICOLA XANTHOMELAENA Hemprich & Ehrenberg, Symb. Phys., Aves, 

 fol. c, aa, no. 6 (1833 Egypt. Description of the autumn-plumage of 

 the black-throated form). 



Saxicola amphileuca Hemprich & Ehrenberg, t.c., fol. bb, no. 4 (1833 

 Syria. Description of the white- throated form in summer-plumage). 

 Saxicola stapazina Linn. (=S. aurita Temm.), M. J. Nicoll, Bull. B.O.C., 

 xvi, p. 22 ; Saxicola stapazina (Linn.), nee Vieillot, Saunders, Brit. B., 

 i, p. 6. 



DISTRIBUTION. England. One. Adult male near Pett, Sussex, 

 Sept. 9, 1905 (ut supra}. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Breeds from Asia Minor and Palestine 

 westwards throughout Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Roumania, south 

 Russia (Crimea) to Montenegro, Croatia and Dalmatia, and perhaps 

 in south Italy (Apulia, Calabria, Sicily ?). Migrates through Egypt 

 and Nubia and winters in eastern Sudan and Abyssinia. On passage 

 not very rare in Italy, rare in Tripoli, Tunisia, and Algeria. 



CENANTHE PLESCHANKA 



172. CEnanthe pleschanka pleschanka (Lepech.) THE PIED 

 WHEATEAR. 



MOTACILLA PLESCHAKKALepechin, Nov. Comm. Petr., xiv, p. 503, pi. 24 

 (1770 or 1771 Saratow on the Volga ; translation in Hase, Lepechin's 

 Reise, i, p. 229). 



Saxicola pleschanka, E. V. Baxter and L. J. Rintoul, Ann. Scot. Xat. 

 Hist., 1910, p. 2 ; c/. Brit. B., in, p. 290. 



DISTRIBUTION. Scotland. Female, Isle of May (Forth) Oct. 19, 

 1909 (ut supra}. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. South Russia to Crimea, Dobrudscha, 

 Caucasus, Transcaspia, Turkestan, Persia, Afghanistan, west Tibet, 

 north to south-east Siberia, and north China, also in Gilgit and north 

 Kashmir. On passage in north-east Africa and Arabia, also casual 

 in Italy and perhaps Algeria, also on Heligoland. Replaced by 

 smaller race in Cyprus. 



* Hemprich and Ehrenberg gave a number of names to the eastern 

 black- and white-throated and black-eared Wheatears, the first of which is 

 xanthomelcvna. E.H. 



