A HAND -LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 87 



of May (Forth), May 9, 1911 (Ann. Scot. Nat. Hist., 1911, p. 132; 

 cf. Brit. B., v, p. 83). 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Europe from shores of North Sea to 

 Mediterranean, and Black Sea, north-west Africa, Asia Minor, and 

 Cyprus, wintering in Africa. Replaced by other races in Persia, 

 Turkestan, and Khirgiz Steppes. Recently Corsican form has been 

 separated (Orn. Monatsber., 1910, p. 155). 



LUSCINIA LUSCINIA 



181. Luscinia luscinia (L.) THE THRUSH-NIGHTINGALE. 



MOTACILLA LUSCINIA Linnseus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 184 (1758 

 " Europa." Restricted typical locality: Sweden. Linnaeus expressly 

 says that he did not observe the small Nightingale). 



Luscinia luscinia, W. E. Clarke, Scot. Nat., 1912, p. 9 ; cf. Brit. B., v, 

 p. 240. 



DISTRIBUTION. Scotland. One Fair Isle (Shetlands), May 15, 

 1911 (ut supra). [One at Smeeth (Kent) Oct. 22, 1904 (M. J. Nicoll, 

 Bull. B.O.C., xv, p. 20) was considered an unlikely genuine migrant 

 owing to the late date (cf. Hartert, i.e., p. 47 ; Saunders, Brit. B., I, 

 p. 8). Another said to have been taken Norfolk, June 5, 1845, 

 was not identified until many years afterwards (L. A. C. Edwards, 

 Brit. B., v, p. 224).] 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. South and middle Sweden, south Finland, 

 Denmark, a narrow belt along the Baltic in north Germany, north- 

 east Germany generally, Galizia, Transylvania, Roumania, Russia, 

 east to the Ural (Orenburg) and south-west Siberia to the Altai. 

 Casual and rare in west Europe. Wintering in east Africa. 



[NOTE! Two examples of the SIBERIAN RUBY-THROAT, Luscinia calliope 

 (Pallas), are said by Mr. J. P. Nunn to have been observed by him near 

 Westgate-on-Sea (Kent) in Oct., 1900 (cf. Saunders, Brit. B., i, p. 8), but on 

 this evidence the bird cannot be admitted. It breeds from Siberia to 

 Kamtschatka, Mongolia and north China, wintering in the Philippines, south 

 China and India, and has been observed in the Urals, Caucasus, south France (2) 

 and Italy (4).] 



LUSCINIA SVECICA* 



182. Luscinia svecica gaetkei (Kleinschm.)f THE NOR- 

 WEGIAN BLUETHROAT. 



ERITHACUS GAETKEI Kleinschmidt, Journ. f. Orn., 1904, p. 302 (Norwegian 

 Alps, but type a migrant from Heligoland). 



Ruticilla suecica (Linnaeus), Yarrell, i, p. 321 ; Cyanecula suecica (Linnaeus), 

 Saunders, p. 35. 



* No structural character appears to exist by which the Nightingales, 

 Bluethroats, and some other birds not occurring in the British Isles can be 

 separated ; they must therefore be placed in the same genus. E.H. 



t This form and its distribution require further study. It differs from 

 the Lapland form by a more pointed wing, larger size, and deeper brown 

 upper-parts. 



