A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 91 



1 88. Prunella modularis occidentalis (Hart.) THE BRITISH 

 HEDGE-SPARROW. 



ACCENTOR MODULARIS OCCIDENTALIS Hartert, Brit. B., in, p. 313 (March, 



1910 British Isles). 



Accentor modularis (Linnaeus), Yarrell, i, p. 301 ; Saunders, p. 93. 



DISTRIBUTION. Confined to British Isles. British Isles. Resident. 

 Generally distributed, but scarcer (though increasing of recent 

 years) in extreme north of Scottish mainland, scarce in Orkneys, 

 does not breed Shetlands, common Stornoway (Lewis), but scarce 

 elsewhere in 0. Hebrides. 



MIGRATIONS. 1 British Isles. A migration soutwards in autumn 

 and northwards in spring is recorded on east coasts, and although 

 some have been identified as the British form, some, like those 

 observed in Shetlands and Fair Isle, are probably P. m. modularis. 



TROGLODYTES TROGLODYTES* 



189. Troglodytes troglodytes troglodytes (L.) THE WREN. 



MOTACILLA TROGLODYTES Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 188 (1758 

 Europe. Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 



Troglodytes parvulus K. L. Koch, Yarrell, i, p. 460 (part) ; Saunders, 

 p. 115 (part). 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Resident. Generally distributed, 

 except where replaced by local forms (ut infra}. 



MIGRATIONS.' British Isles. A migration, possibly of continental 

 origin, in autumn and spring is noticed on east coasts England and 

 Scotland (Isle of May), while the frequency of records (although not 

 annual) points to an autumn passage through the western isles of 

 Scotland. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Europe from north Scandinavia to 

 Urals in east, and shores of Mediterranean, but replaced by allied 

 forms on some islands in north Atlantic Ocean, in Mediterranean, 

 north-west Africa, Caucasus and Persia, Turkestan, and other parts 

 of north and east Asia to Japan and Kuriles, as well as North 

 America. 



* There has been much diversity of opinion and discussion about the 

 generic name of the European Wrens, which have been called Anorthura and 

 Olbiorchilus, but as there is no sufficient reason for a generic separation of the 

 so-called typical (American) Troglodytes and the others, the name Troglodytes 

 can be preserved. E.H. 



