102 A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. The Lesser Spotted Woodpecker of 

 Holland appears to be the same as that of Great Britain. In 

 other parts of Europe, north-west Africa, and north Asia, replaced 

 by allied races. 



[NOTE. Numerous supposed occurrences of the BLACK WOODPECKER, 

 Dryocopus m. martins (L.), have been recorded (Yarrell, n, p. 482 ; Saunders, 

 p. 278), but none are sufficiently authenticated to admit of its inclusion. 

 No specimens have been produced, while caged birds are known to have been 

 turned out on one occasion at least. Its distribution abroad is : Europe 

 from Archangel in north Russia and Scandinavia to Cantabrian mountains, 

 Alps and Balkan Peninsula, Caucasus and Siberia to Kamtschatka and 

 Sachalin in the east, and Ussuriland in the south. Replaced by allied form 

 in Kham (south-west Tibet).] 



[NOTE. Examples of the AMERICAN HAIRY WOODPECKER, Dryobates 

 villosus (L.) or subspecies, are said to have been obtained in Yorks. (Yarrell, 

 11, p. 485 ; Saunders, p. 276). An example of the AMERICAN DOWNY WOOD- 

 PECKER, Dryobates pubescens (L.), or one of its forms, is said to have been killed 

 in Dorset in 1836 (Yarrell, n, p. 485 ; Saunders, p. 278), and others have been 

 recorded, but all these, as well as a specimen of the AMERICAN GOLDEN-WINGED 

 WOODPECKER, Colaptes auratus (L.) or one of its subspecies (Yarrell, n, p. 486 ; 

 Saunders, p. 278) said to have been shot in Wilts, in 1836, were no doubt 

 due to importation. Donovan's statement in 1809 that an example of the 

 THREE-TOED WOODPECKER, Picoides tridactylus (L.) or subspecies, had been 

 shot in Scotland is unsubstantiated (Yarrell, n, p. 486 ; Saunders, p. 278).] 



JYNX TORQUILLA 



213. Jynx torquilla torquilla L. THE WRYNECK. 



JYNX TORQUILLA Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 112 (1758 Europe. 



Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 



Jynx torquilla Linnaeus, Yarrell, n, p. 487 ; Saunders, p. 271. 



DISTRIBUTION. England and Wales. Summer-resident (mid-March 

 to end Sept.). Chiefly south-east England, scarce south-west, rare 

 Wales (especially in north), very scarce Cheshire, north Staffs., and 

 Derby., very local Yorks. and Durham, rare vagrant Northumberland, 

 as now in Lanes, and Cumberland, where it formerly bred. Scotland. 

 Very scarce passage-migrant on east side and most often noted 

 in northern isles. Very rare vagrant to south-west, has not occurred 

 from Argyll, northwards or in I. or 0. Hebrides. Ireland. Six. 

 One in May, five in autumn at or near coast. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Europe and temperate north Asia, passing 

 through the Sahara and Egypt, and wintering in tropical Africa and 

 India. Replaced by closely-allied forms in the far east, Sardinia 

 and Algeria. 



CUCULUS CANORUS 



214. Cuculus canorus canorus L. THE CUCKOO. 



CUCULUS CANORUS Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 110 (1758 Europe. 



Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 



Cuculus canorus Linnaeus, Yarrell, n, p. 387 ; Saunders, p. 287. 



