A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 113 



FALCO TINNUNCULUS 



237. Falco tinnunculus tinnunculus L. THE KESTREL. 



FALCO TINNUNCULUS Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 90 (1758 Europe. 



Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 



Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, Yarrell, I, p. 78 ; Saunders, p. 355. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Resident. Generally distributed, 

 but leaves Shet lands for winter, and much rarer then in other parts 

 of north Scotland as well as in north and east Ireland. In England 

 numbers are swelled in winter by immigrants, and passage-movements 

 are noted on east coast. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Europe, north Africa, north, central and 

 west Asia, in winter more southwards to east Africa and parts of 

 India. The minute study of the races of the Kestrel remains to be 

 done, but clearly-defined subspecies represent the European form 

 on Madeira, the Canary and Cape Verde Islands, in north-east and 

 east Africa, Japan, India, and many islands in the Eastern Archi- 

 pelago. 



FALCO NAUMANNI* 



238. Falco naumanni naumanni Fleisch. THE LESSER 

 KESTREL. 



FALCO XAUMANNI Fleischer, Sylvan Jahrbuch auf 1817 und 1818, p. 174 



(1818 Visitor to S. Germany and Switzerland). 



Falco cenchris, Yarrell, i, p. 82 (in text) ; Saunders, p. 357. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Very rare vagrant. Eight times 

 England Yorks., Nov., 1867; April, 1892; Oct., 1909. Kent, 

 May, 1877. Scilly Isles, March, 1891. Isle of Wight, Nov., 1895 ; 

 April, 1903. Sussex, May, 1896. Once Scotland (Aberdeen., Oct., 

 1897). Once Ireland (Dublin, Feb., 1891). Chiefly adult males. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Mediterranean countries generally, stray- 

 ing into Savoy and Germany, breeding as far north as southern 

 Poland, east to Bokhara, in winter in tropical Africa. Replaced in 

 China by an allied subspecies. 



FALCO VESPERTINUS 



239. Falco vespertinus vespertinus L. THE RED-FOOTED 

 FALCON. 



FALCO VESPERTINUS Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. xn, i, p. 129 (1766 



" Ingria," i.e. province of St. Petersburg). 



Falco vespertinus Linnaeus, Yarrell, i, p. 69 ; Saunders, p. 353. 



* This name, correctly employed by Sharpe in the Cat. B. Brit. M-us., i, 

 1874, as well as the names tinnunculoides and xanthonyx, antedate cenchris. 



