A HAND-LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 141 



as well as in I. and O. (since 1903) Hebrides, but still only rare visitor 

 to west coast from Argyll north. In Ireland only known as winter- 

 visitor until 1877, now breeds many counties in all provinces. In 

 winter more plentiful and more widely dispersed. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Palsearctic region generally, from Atlantic 

 to 1 Pacific. In winter south to China and India, Malayan Archi- 

 pelago (casual) and to Abyssinia in Africa (where it is even said to 

 breed), once recorded from Siberia. 



NYROCA MARILA 



301. Nyroca marila marila (L.) THE SCAUP-DUCK. 



ANAS MARILA Linnaeus, Fauna Svecica, ed. n, p. 39 (1761 Lapland). 

 Fuligula marila (Linnaeus), Yarrell, iv, p. 423 ; Saunders, p. 449. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Resident and winter- visitor. Bred 

 Sutherland 1899, and in an island of Uist group (0. Hebrides) 1897-9 

 (two pairs), 1900 (three pairs), probably also 1901 and certainly 1902. 

 Also 1906 in another island in same group (cf. Brit. B., n, pp. 85, 

 132, 146, 209, 283). Otherwise winter-visitor to all coasts and 

 seldom on inland waters. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Palsearctic region generally, but replaced 

 in the east and apparently in North America by an allied race. 

 Breeds in arctic regions, winters as far south as Mediterranean, 

 Black and Caspian Seas, and north India. 



[NOTE. A specimen found in Leadenhall Market, and said to have been 

 taken in Lines., formed the subject of Donovan's description and figure of 

 Nyroca collaris, the AMERICAN RING-NECKED DUCK (Anas collaris Donovan, 

 Brit. Birds, vi, 1809, pi. 147). The bird is an inhabitant of North America, 

 irom British Columbia to northern California, and from Alberta south to 

 Dakota and Wisconsin ; in winter south to Porto Rico and Guatemala.] 



NYROCA CLANGULA 



302. Nyroca clangula clangula (L.) THE GOLDENEYE. 



ANAS CLANGULA Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 125 (1758 Europe. 



Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 



Clangula glaucion (Linnaeus), Yarrell, iv, p. 435 ; Saunders, p. 451. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Winter-visitor. Generally distri- 

 buted round coasts, in estuaries, and less frequently in lakes and 

 rivers. Sometimes seen in summer in Scotland, but no proof of 

 breeding. Adult males comparatively rare. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Northern Palsearctic region, breeding in 

 arctic and subarctic portions, on migration and in winter south to 



