142 A HAND -LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



Mediterranean and Caspian region, north India, China and Japan. 

 Replaced by a very closely -allied race in North America. 



[NOTE. An immature male Goldeneye shot on the Aide, Suffolk, Feb. 1, 

 1908, was thought to be a specimen of BARROW'S GOLDENEYE, Nyroca islandica 

 (Gm.) (F. M. Ogilvie, Bull. B.O.C., xxm, p. 63), which breeds in Iceland and 

 northern North America, and winters southwards to California, is a rare visitor 

 to Greenland, and a vagrant in Europe. The identification requires con- 

 firmation ; young birds are hardly distinguishable from those of the Goldeneye.] 



NYROCA ALBEOLA 



303. Nyroca albeola (L.) THE BUFFEL-HEADED DUCK. 



ANAS ALBEOLA Linnseus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 124 (1758 America. 



Typical locality : Newfoundland). 



Clangula albeola (Linnaeus), Yarrell, iv, p. 442 ; Saunders, p. 453. 



DISTRIBUTION. Great Britain. Two. Adult male Yarmouth (Nor- 

 folk) about 1830 (Birds Norfolk, in, p. 222); one Bridlington 

 (Yorks.) winter 1864-5 (Cordeaux, ZooL, 1865, p. 9659). Others 

 recorded, including two Aberdeen., mentioned by Gray, not con- 

 sidered authentic (cf. Fauna Tay Basin, p. 243). 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. North America, breeding as far north as 

 the Yukon River, the lower Mackenzie and Great Slave Lake, and 

 south to Montana, wintering from Aleutian Islands and British 

 Columbia south to Lower California, Mexico and Florida. Casual 

 in Hawaii, Greenland (once), Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, 

 Bermudas, Cuba, and Europe (Great Britain only). 



CLANGULA HYEMALIS* 



304. Clangula hyemalis (L.) THE LONG-TAILED DUCK. 



ANAS HYEMALIS Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 126 (1758 N. Europe 

 and America. Restricted typical locality : N. Sweden). 

 Harelda glacialis (Linnaeus), Yarrell, iv, p. 446 ; Saunders, p. 455. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Winter-visitor (Sept. -April, occasion- 

 ally summer, and possibly a few resident). Regular visitor east 

 coast Great Britain, occasional south and west coasts England and 

 Wales. On west side Scotland and in Hebrides as well as Orkneys 

 and Shetlands very common. In Ireland somewhat irregular, and 

 chiefly visits north and west coasts. On inland waters rare vagrant. 

 Adults rather uncommon. Eggs apparently of this species taken 

 several times Shetlands, reported as breeding summer 1911, Orkneys 

 (O. V. Aplin, ZooL, 1911, p. 432 ; Brit. B., v, p. 203), and some 

 evidence of previous nesting Orkneys but as yet no proof. 



* Anas hyemalis is the oldest name, glacialis having been only published 

 in 1766, eight years later. E.H. 



