A HAND -LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 159 



GAVIA IMMER* 



341. Gavia immer (Briinn.) THE GREAT NORTHERN 

 DIVER. 



COLYMBUS IMMER Briinnich, Orn. Bor., p. 38 (1764 No locality; ap- 

 parently X. Norway). 

 Colymbus glacialis Linnseus, Yarrell, iv, p. 96 ; Saunders, p. 709. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Winter- visitor. Fairly generally 

 distributed all coasts from Sept. or Oct. to April and May, but most 

 plentiful in north. In O. Hebrides and Shetlands present most 

 times of year, and has been thought several times, but never proved, 

 to have bred in latter. Not uncommon inland waters. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Northern part of Northern Hemisphere, 

 in winter south to Mediterranean as far as Algeria as well as Azores 

 and Black Sea, and in America to Lower California, the Gulf Coast 

 and Florida. 



GAVIA ADAMSII 



342. Gavia adamsii (Gray) THE WHITE-BILLED 

 NORTHERN DIVER. 



COLYMBUS ADAMSII Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 167 (Alaska). 

 Colymbus adamsi Gray, Yarrell, in, p. x ; Saunders, p. 711. 



DISTRIBUTION. Great Britain. About six. One near Lowestoft 

 (Suffolk) spring 1852 [another supposed Suffolk example not con- 

 sidered authentic]. Two (one Jan., 1879) Northumberland coast. 

 One Hickling (Norfolk), Dec. 1872. One Emsworth Harbour 

 (Hants.) winter 1895-96. One Loch Fyne (Argyll) autumn 1893. 

 One said Filey (Yorks.) Jan. 1897 (cf. Saunders, p. 711; Brit. B., i, 

 p. 295, n, p. 333, v, p. 176 ; Birds Yorks., p. 734). 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Arctic portions of Northern Hemisphere 

 from Taimyr eastward in Old World. In winter more to the 

 south ; in America to Nushagak, Alaska, Colorado, while in 

 Europe specimens from Upper Austria and Italy have been identi- 

 fied as G. adamsii. 



GAVIA ARCTICA 



343. Gavia arctica (L.)t THE BLACK-THROATED DIVER. 



COLYMBUS ARCTICUS Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 135 (1758 Europe 



and America. Restricted typical locality ; Sweden). 



Colymbus arcticus Linnaeus, Yarrell, iv, p. 105 ; Saunders, p. 713. 



* Unfortunately Briinnich's name antedates Linnseus's Colymbus glacialis, 

 and must therefore be used. With regard to the generic name, see footnote 

 under Colymbus cristatus, p. 150. E.H. 



f According to Buturlin, both Cr.arctaca and G. pacifica are found breeding 

 side by side in areas of thousands of miles. We cannot, therefore, treat them 

 as geographical forms of one species. 



