200 A HAND -LIST OF BRITISH BIRDS. 



LARUS CANUS 



430. Larus canus canus L. THE COMMON GULL. 



LARUS CANUS Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 136 (1758 Europe. Re- 

 stricted typical locality : Sweden). 

 Larus canus Linnaeus, Yarrell, in, p. 613 ; Saunders, p. 671. 



DISTRIBUTION. England and Wales. On all coasts and often 

 inland. Young birds frequent all summer, especially in north. 

 Bred Fame Isles (Northumberland), 1910, and possibly once pre- 

 viously, but has not bred elsewhere. Probably some winter- 

 visitors are immigrants from Continent. Scotland and Ireland. 

 Resident. In Scotland breeds from Solway and Forth northwards 

 on low coasts and freshwater lochs on mainland and islands. In 

 Ireland small colonies in coast districts, Donegal, Sligo, Mayo, and 

 Connemara, Loughs Conn and Mask, and Blaskets (Kerry). 

 Common and more widely distributed winter. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Northern Europe and Asia, north to 

 67-70, south to Frisian Isles (Holland), Mecklenburg, the Russian 

 Baltic Provinces, and even south Russia. In autumn and winter 

 to Mediterranean basin, Nile Valley, and Persian Gulf : in east from 

 Kamtschatka to Japan and China ; i are in Iceland, once in Lab- 

 rador. Replaced by L. canus brackyrhynchus in western North 

 America. 



LARUS ARGENTATUS 



431. Larus argentatus argentatus Pontopp.* THE HER- 

 RING-GULL. 



LARUS ARGENTATUS Pontoppidan, Danske Atlas, i, p. 622 (1763 



Denmark). 



Larus argentatus Gmelin, Yarrell, in, p. 618 ; Saunders, p. 673. 



DISTRIBUTION. British Isles. Resident. Breeds all precipitous 

 coasts and stacks, as well as occasionally on low ground such as low 

 islands and bogs. In winter generally distributed on coasts but 

 rather uncommon far inland. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. " Northern Europe from the White Sea 

 westward, the Atlantic Region to Iceland and down to the north of 

 France (breeding) ; Greenland, Baffin Bay, Melville Peninsula, 

 Prince Regent Inlet, North Georgian or Parry Islands, and Prince 

 Albert Land (breeding)." Southwards, in Europe in winter only to 

 Mediterranean basin, Black and Caspian Seas, in America wintering 

 south to Lower California and Mexico, Bahamas, Cuba, Yucatan, and 

 Texas. Replaced, during breeding -season, in Mediterranean, Atlan- 

 tic islands, and coasts of north-west Africa, as well as from Black and 

 Caspian Seas, eastwards to Lake Baikal, and along arctic coast of 

 Siberia as well as in North America, by allied forms. 



* Pontoppidan named the species twenty six years before Gmelin. E.H. 



