]()8 A YEAR IN SCIENCE 



These equations indicate the reactions which take 

 place in the process of neutralization. In each 

 case the name of the salt is derived from the names of 

 the acid and the base used in its production. Hydro- 

 chloric acid and sodium hydroxide produce common 

 table salt, sodium chloride ; nitric acid and sodium hy- 

 droxide produce Chili saltpetre, sodium nitrate; sul- 

 phuric acid and sodium hydroxide produce Glauber's 

 salt, sodium sulphate. 



Questions 



1. Name three foods which contain acids. 



2. How do you know these foods contain acids ? 



3. How does the amount of acid in green fruit 

 compare with 'that in ripe? 



4. Name three acids frequently used in commercial 

 processes. 



5. State three characteristics common to all acids. 



6. What is the source of litmus? 



7. What is the test for an acid? 



8. What is the symbol for hydrochloric acid? 

 Nitric acid? Sulphuric acid? 



9. Name three bases. 



10. What is the appearance of sodium hydroxide? 

 Potassium hydroxide ? 



11. Write the symbols for two bases. 



12. What are the principal characteristics of bases \ 



13. What is the test for a base? 



14. How does a neutral substance differ from an 

 acid and from a base? 



