VARIETIES OF THE HUMAN RACE. 29 



nated among the tribes of men found in the region of the Cauca- 

 sus. It is distinguished for general symmetry and regularity of 

 outline. The head is, in the Caucasian, almost round, the face 

 oval, the forehead much expanded, the features not very promi- 

 nent. The skin is white, the hair soft, long and brown, more or 

 less dark, and curled. The facial angle is from 80o to 90o. 

 The entire conformation of the head shows a superior intellectual 

 organization. In respect both to mental power, and attainments 

 in art and science, the Caucasians have ever stood in the fore- 

 most rank. 



2. THE ASIATIC OR MONGOLIAN VARIETY. This variety is 

 remarkable for a feminine aspect in both sexes; the color is, for 

 the most part, pale yellow or olive; the head almost square; the 

 facial angle 80o ; the cheek bones are prominent ; the face broad 

 and flattened, and without a beard ; and the hair straight and 

 black. 



3. In the MALAY or AUSTRALIAN, the color varies from a clear 

 mahogany to dark chestnut brown; the hair is black and bushy; 

 the beard thin j the nose broad, and the mouth wide ; the fore- 

 head slightly arched ; the upper jaw projecting; the eye is more 

 sunken and piercing, and the lips less uniformly thick than in 

 the negro. \ 



4. THE AMERICAN VARIETY is allied to the Malay and Mon- 

 golian varieties. It includes Indians, or native Americans, Tol- 

 tecans, &c. In these, the cheek bones are prominent ; the face 

 broad ; the forehead low ; the eyes deeply seated ; the hair black 

 and straight. 



5. THE ETHIOPIAN OR BLACK VARIETY includes Negroes, 

 Africans, Hottentots, Bushmen, (Bosjesmans,) Bochmen, (Bech- 

 uanas.) The color is black, with greater or less intensity ; the 

 lips extremely thick ; the nose flat and thick ; the nostrils wide ; 

 the hair black and frizzly like wool ; the head narrow ; the fore- 

 head convex ; the face projecting ; the facial ajigle 70o. Be- 

 tween this and the European or Caucasian variety, the differen- 

 ces are marked; but there is no character in which the contrast 

 between the lowest negro and highest ape is not many times 

 greater than between the same negro and the highest European. 

 The differences in respect to structure between the Ethiopian 

 and the other varieties, would not be deemed sufficient to consti- 

 tute a specific character among the lowest animals. 



In regard to the varieties above described, it will be seen that 

 one of the enumerated distinctions relates to the color and nature 

 of the hair. At a trial held in South Carolina, in which the 



