QTJADRUMANA. 



SI 



What does the Ethiopian or black variety include ? Describe their features, 

 color, hair, &c. Is there a greater contrast between the highest European 

 and the negro, than between the same negro and the ape ? What is said 

 as to the difference in respect to structure between the Ethiopian and the 

 other varieties ? In what respect does the hair of the Caucasian, Indian, 

 and Nero varieties differ? What cases corroborate this curious fact? 

 What were the results arrived at by Dr. Morton, of Philadelphia? 



ORS. Here is a good opportunity for a general exercise about the people 

 of the different varieties, the countries they inhabit, their customs, religion, 

 degrees of civilization, &c., showing the pupil how to apply his geographi- 

 cal or historical knowledge. 



SECTION V. 

 SECOND ORDER. QUADRUM ANA. FOUR HANDED. 



(Lat. quatuor, four, and manus, hand.) 



This order includes the Shniadae, (Lat. Simia, an ape, ape- 

 kind;) CeMdae, (Gr. ^3o;, kebos, a monkey, monkey tribe;) 

 pronounced kebidae ; Leinuridae, (Lat. Lemures, ghosts, ghost- 

 like.) 



The SIMIADAE are spread over the tropical regions of Asia 

 and Africa, including the larger islands of the Indian Ocean ; 

 the CEBIDAE are found in South America ; the LEMURIDAE, in 

 Madagascar and the smaller adjacent islands. 



The name "QUADRUMANA" is given to these animals because, 

 while having two hands, resembling those of man, they have 

 feet which are also formed like hands, and can grasp branches 

 of trees. Like man, they have no natural means of defence ; 

 but they are endowed with a cunning, a quickness and agility 

 not often equaled and never surpassed by any other quadrupeds. 

 The peculiarities of their structure do not adapt them either to 

 an erect or a horizontal position, but to one that is diagonal or 

 sloping. Their great muscular strength, combined with the fac- 

 ulty of climbing, enables them to escape from the carnivorous 

 quadrupeds which are found in the same forests with themselves. 

 " Leaping from bough to bough, they pass through the most en- 

 tangled forests with greater swiftness than an ordinary horse 

 would travel on a turnpike road. The apes upon the rocks of 

 Gibraltar, (Barbary apes, which are the only ones found in Eu- 

 rope,) can never be approached by the most cautious sportsmen. 

 They climb, with the greatest facility, among frightful preci- 

 pices, where neither dogs nor men can follow."* 



The hand of the highest Quadrumana is greatly inferior to' 

 that of man, both in respect to its structure, and the uses for 



* " Swainson's Habits and Instincts of Animals." 



