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length, and noted for the variations of its color, as it advances 

 towards maturity. 



The Phoca barbata, (Lat. bearded.) is larger, and has thicker 

 and stronger moustaches than the others. Its length varies from 

 seven to ten feet. Dr. Kane speaks of one which was shot by 

 Capl. Haven, of the Grinnell Arctic Expedition, measuring 

 " eight feet from tip to tip ; five feet eleven inches in his greatest 

 circumference, and five feet six inches in girth behind the fore- 

 flippers." " His carcass," says the Dr. "was a shapeless cylin- 

 der, terminating in an awkward knob, to represent the head." 



P. cristatus, (Lat. crested,) or Slemmatopus cristat.us, (Gr. 

 stemma, a wreath; dps, face,) or HOODED SEAL, is distinguished 

 for having a globular sac, which can be swelled upon the top 

 of the head, in the male animal. This species reach the size 

 of seven or eight feet, and live in the seas about Greenland and 

 Newfoundland. 



The ELEPHANT SEAL, or SEA ELEPHANT, P. Macrorhinus, (Gr. 

 makros, long, rhin, nose,) proboscideus, (Gr. proboskis, a trunk,) is 

 the largest known species, being from twenty to thirty feet long, 

 and having a girth at the largest part of the body, of eighteen feet. 

 A full grown male of this species will yield seventy gallons of 

 oil. This kind of seal is found on the southern coasts of Austra- 

 lia, Juan Fernandez, and the neighboring parts of South Ameri- 

 ca. Its voice is like the lowing of cattle, and it is inert in its 

 habits. The name " Elephant Seal/' is given to the animals of 

 this species, partly on account of the large size of their tusk-like 

 canines, and partly from their power of lengthening the upper 

 lip into a kind of proboscis. They are much sought after on ac- 

 count of the quantity of oil which they yield, and also of their 

 strong skins, which are valuable for harness making. 



The SEA LION, Plalyrhyncus leoninus, found on the north and 

 south coasts of the Pacific, is from six to ten feet in length, and 

 of a yellowish brown color. The males have a large mane upon 

 their necks, partly covering the head and shoulders, and a very 

 powerful voice, whence their name. 



The SEA BEAR, Arctocephalus ursinus, is so called from the 

 fur and shape of the head. It grows to the length of five or six 

 feet, and has small external ears. The membrane of the hind 

 feet is prolonged into as many lobes as there are toes, and the 

 fore feet are placed very far back. The color of the fur is 

 brown, but when it is old, assumes a grayish tint. This species 

 inhabits the coasts of the South Pacific, and is also said to be 

 found in the northern hemisphere. 



Tricliccus Rosmarus, the WALRUS, MORSE, or SEA Cow. 



