150 PACHYDERM ATA. 



todon was probably less exclusively herbivorous than the ele- 

 phant* "There is scarcely a state east and south of the Hudson 

 River which has not afforded specimens of the Mastodon." The 

 gen'is pjmbraces species which " have been found in almost every 

 partof the world, and in all latitudes." The term mammoth, which 

 wa& specially applied by the inhabitants of Siberia to a fossil 

 elephant, has sometimes been improperly given to this animal. 



M. gigaitfeus, now one of the attractions of the British Muse- 

 um, was found near the banks of the river La Pomme de Terre, 

 a branch of the O.sage River, in Burton Co., Missouri, imbedded 

 in a brown sandy deposit, full of the remains of cypress, tropical 

 cane, swamp moss, stems of palmetto, &c. Five arrow heads 

 were found with the remains, which were 20 feet 2 inches long, 

 and 9 feet 6| inches high. These remains were exhibited in 

 London in 1842-3, under the name of the Missouri Leviathan. 

 At the Bi<j Bone Lick, in Kentucky, were discovered the re- 

 mains of 1*00 Mastodons and 20 Mammoths, with bones of the 

 Megalonyx Stag. The grinders have been dug up in the streets 

 of London. Mr. Woodward, in his Geology of Norfolk, Eng., 

 suysthat "upwards of 2,000 have been dredged up by the fisher- 

 men, of Happisburgh in thirty years." On the Hudson River, 

 remains of the Mastodon have been repeatedly discovered. About 

 three years ago, a very fine specimen was discovered in the in- 

 clined side of a marshy declivity, a few miles from the city of 

 Poughkeepsie. 



II. SUID.E, (Lat. sus, a swine or hog.) (Four hoofs.) 



The SWINE FAMILY. 



This is a family of the PACHYDERMS, highly valuable to man as 

 food. The animals of which it is composed are characterized 

 by having on each foot two large principal toes, shod with stout 

 hoofs, and two lateral toes which are snorter and hardly touch 

 the earth. "The incisor teeth are variable in number, but the 

 lower incisors are all leveled forwards; the canines are pro- 

 jected from the mouth and recurved upwards." The mu-zzle 

 terminates in a truncated snout adapted for turning up theground. 

 Ten species are enumerated as belonging to this family. 



Sus scrqfa, (Lat. scrofa, an old sow.) The HOG, or WILD 

 BOAR. 



The well known Hog is the domesticated descendant of the 

 Wild Boar, an animal still found in the larger forests of Europe, 

 Asia, and the Northern parts of Africa. The wild race may, 

 however, be distinguished from the domestic breed by the color, 



