SCIENTIFIC RECREATIONS. 



same moral advantage as the condition of his funds after his stake. Whence 

 we draw this conclusion : that the game is disadvantageous, even in the 

 cases where the stake is equal to the product of the sum hoped for by the 

 probability. We may, therefore, form an idea of the immorality of games 

 in which the hoped-for sum is below this product. 



Jacques Bernoujlli has thus laid down the result of his investigations 

 on the calculation of probabilities. An urn containing white and black 

 balls is placed in front of the spectator, who draws out a ball, ascertaining 

 its colour, and puts it back in the urn. After a sufficient number of draws, 

 the total number of extracted balls divided by the total' mimbe" of balls 



