256 THE POME FRUITS 



SPRAYING OUTLINE FOR THE APPLE. 



No. of 



spray. Time to spray. Spray materials. 



First Just before the buds swell in Commercial lime sulphur di- 



the spring " luted 1 to 8. 



Second Just as buds show pink Commercial lime sulphur di- 



luted 1 to 35 plus 2 pounds 

 arsenate of lead to 50 gal- 

 lons of spray. 



Third Just as petals are falling Same as second spray. 



Fourth Three weeks after third spray Same as second spray. 



Fifth About July 15 to August 1 4-4-50 Bordeaux mixture 



plus 2 pounds arsenate of 

 lead to 50 gallons of water, 

 or commercial lime sul- 

 phur 1 gallon to 35 gallons 

 of water plus 2 pounds 

 arsenate of lead to 50 

 gallons of spray. 



PEAR. 



The pear has been commercially important for many 

 years. It has been grown in this country since the time 

 of the earliest settlers and within recent years large plantings 

 have been made over the Eastern and Central States as 

 well as in the northern regions. The pear has reached great 

 importance in California and a large acreage is planted in 

 that region. 



The pear has been developed from the wild pear of Europe 

 and Asia. In its native state the fruit is hard and inferior, 

 but under cultivation it has become edible and delicious. 



Propagation. The pear is propagated in the same way 

 as the apple, that is, root grafted in the winter, budded in 

 the summer or crown grafted in the field. In some regions 

 the pear is dwarfed and this is accomplished by grafting the 

 pear on quince roots. This method of propagating the pear 

 causes the tree to grow smaller and produces the dwarf pear. 

 The dwarf trees have no particular advantage over the 

 standard ones. However, the fruit can usually be harvested 

 with greater ease on the smaller tree and a greater number 

 of trees can be planted to an acre. Dwarf pear trees usually 

 fruit when quite young, sometimes when they are only three 

 years old. The dwarf tree must be pruned systematically 



