EXPLANATION OF BOTANICAL TERMS. 



ALTERNATE (of leaves, etc.) Distributed singly at different heights 

 along the stem or branch. Not opposite. 



ANNUAL See page 11. 



APICAL SCAR The mark at the free top end of a fruit, opposite the 

 footstalk. 



BASAL SCAR The mark at the point of attachment of a fruit to 

 its footstalk or of a seed to its vessel. 



BIENNIAL See page 11. 



BRACT A more or less modified teaf subtending a flower or 



belonging to a group of flowers or to the stem. 



CALYX The outer set of leaves composing the flower, generally 



green in colour. 



CAPSULE A variety of pod or dry fruit, opening to shed the 



contained seeds. 



COROLLA The inner set of leaves composing the flower, gener- 



ally coloured. 



CORYMB A flat-topped or convex flower cluster, flowering from 



the margin inward. 



CYME Somewhat similar to corymb, but flowering from the 



centre outward. 



FEMALE FLOWER The flower that bears pistils only and produces the 

 fruit and seeds. See "Perfect." 



FREE Separate, not attached or united to similar or other 



organs. 



FRUIT In botany the word fruit signifies the enlarged and 



matured ovary, (see "Pistil") whatever its substance 

 may be and whether fit to eat or not. In the small 

 fruits of many weeds it is sometimes difficult to decide 

 whether these are fruits or true seeds. In the Butter- 

 cup, Sunflower, Borage and Mint families, the seed-like 

 bodies are really fruits, while in the Mustard, Pink, 

 Pea and Evening Primrose families they are true seeds. 

 In describing the weeds in the present publication, 

 it seems wise to speak of all of these as seeds, which 

 is the term commonly used by seedsmen, farmers 

 and others. 



HEAD A dense cluster of flowers with very short or no flower 



stalks, resting upon the enlarged top end of a common 

 stalk. See "Receptacle." 



