THE LIFE-STORY OF INSECTS [CH. 



type known as the maggot, 

 not only legless, but without 

 a definite head, the front end 

 of the creature usually taper- 

 ing to the mouth, where there 

 are a pair of strong hooks, 

 used for tearing up the food. 

 A few examples of each 

 of these types must suffice 

 in the present brief survey. 

 A few pages back (p. o'O) 

 reference was made to the 

 production of galls on various 

 plants, through the activity 

 of larvae of the hymenopte- 

 rous family Cynipidae. Many 

 plant-galls are due, however, 

 to the presence of grubs of 

 tiny dipterous insects, theCe- 

 cidomyidae or Gall-midges. 

 A cecid grub (fig. 19) has an 

 elongate body with flexible, 

 wrinkled cuticle, tapering 

 somewhat at the two ends. 



Fig. 19. Larva of Gall-midge 



(Coiitarinianasturtii),ven- The head, if rather narrow, 

 trai view showing anchor is quite distinct, and beneath 



process (), and spiracles ^ 



projecting at sides. Mag- the prothorax is a charac- 

 nified 30 times. From ^eristic sc lerite known as the 



Carpenter, Journ. Econ. 

 Biol. vol. vi. 



