TABLE OF CONTENTS 19 

 CHAPTER XV 



PAGE 



The Lamarckian Theory 236 



The main thesis in Lamarckism. — Lamarck's 

 " Philosophic Zoologique." — Mode of life and 

 habits of animals. — Lamarck's two great laws. — 

 Modern Lamarckism; its essential characteristics; 

 the Lamarckian attitude to the main biological 

 issues. — The growth of Lamarckism. 



CHAPTER XVI 

 Representative Lamarckians of To-day . . . 247 



Cope's theory. — Physiogenesis and kinetogen- 

 esis; the mechanical origin of certain structures: — 

 muscular tissue, the columella of gastropods, 

 the astragalus, the vertebral column. Ontogenetic 

 diif erentiation : bathrnism. The energetic point of 

 view. — Le Dantec's theories. — Functional assim- 

 ilation; organic beings as units; hereditary trans- 

 mission. — Lamarckians of the vitalist school. — A 

 parallel between Darwinism and Lamarckism. *-^ 



CHAPTER XVII 

 Organic Selection 275 



A compromise between Darwinism and Lamarck- \_^ 



ism. — Acquired variations coincide with germinal 

 variations. — Parallel adaptation, complex instincts. 

 — The theories of Baldwin and Osborn. — Advan- 

 tages and defects of the theory. 



