Technical Education 199 



physical geography, with geology and astronomy ; physics ; 

 chemistry and biology ; represented not merely by professors 

 and their lectures, but by laboratories in which the students, 

 under guidance of demonstrators, will work out facts for them- 

 selves and come into that direct contact with reality which 

 constitutes the fundamental distinction of scientific education. 

 Mathematics will soar into its highest regions ; while the high 

 peaks of philosophy may be scaled by those whose aptitude 

 for abstract thought has been awakened by elementary logic. 

 Finally, schools of pictorial and plastic art, of architecture, 

 and of music will ofTer a thorough discipline in the principles 

 and practice of art to those ia whom lies nascent the rare 

 faculty of aesthetic representation, or the still rarer powers of 

 creative genius." 



Early in the seventie;? the problems connected with 

 what is called technical education became prominent 

 in the minds of the most far-seeing of this nation. It 

 became plain that England was not advancing with 

 the same strides as some other nations in arts and 

 manufacttires, and the most obvious difference between 

 England and the rivals whose advance w'as causing 

 anxiety lay in her deficiency in education. Science 

 or knowledge of nattire lies at the root of all the arts 

 and manufactures, and it was our relation to scientific 

 teaching and research that required investigation. 

 Naturally enough, Huxley took the keenest interest 

 in this question and made large contributions to its 

 solution, contributions which have not yet been put 

 completely' into operation. He insisted most strongly 

 upon a point that we as a nation have not 5'et com- 

 pletely grasped. There is no difference between afb 

 plied— science and any other kind of science. The 

 chemistry of manufactures, the phj'sics of industrial 

 machiner\% the biolog}' of agrictilture and of fisheries, 

 are not different from other chemistries and physics and 



