356 



CHLORINE. 



which a bulb or two have been expanded ; and that tube is 

 connected by means of a short caoutchouc tube or adopter, with 

 the tube c, containing fragments of chloride of calcium, and 

 the last is connected in a similar manner with the exit tube d, 

 which descends to the bottom of a dry and empty bottle e. 

 Upon applying the spirit lamp, burning with a small flame to , 

 the liquid in the flask soon begins to boil, and the hydrochloric 

 gas passes off, depositing perhaps a little moisture in the bulbs 

 of b, which may be kept cool by wet blotting paper, and being 

 completely dried in passing through c. It is conveyed by d, 

 to the bottom of the bottle e, and finally escapes and produces 

 white fumes in the atmosphere, after displacing the air of that 

 bottle. The hydrochloric gas is obtained in e unchanged, and will 

 redden and not bleach a little blue infusion of litmus poured into e. 

 But between the tube c and c?, let another tube be now interposed 

 having a pair of bulbs blown upon it/ and g, (Fig. 39) one of 



Fig. 39. 



which /contains a quantity of pounded anhydrous peroxide of 

 manganese ; the bottle e remaining as before. Then upon apply- 

 ing heat to the manganese bulb / the hydrochloric gas will be 

 found to suffer decomposition as it traverses that bulb, its hy- 

 drogen uniting with the oxygen of the manganese and forming 

 water, which will condense in drops in g, which may be kept 

 cool, and disengaged chlorine proceeds on to e, in which that 

 gas will be perceptible from its yellow tint, and more so by 

 bleaching the infusion of reddened litmus remaining in e. If 

 the transmission of hydrochloric acid over the peroxide of man- 

 ganese be continued for sufficient time, the latter loses all its 



