814 AMYL. 



TT 



Chlorinated chloride of amyl, C 10 ^ Cl. This substance is 



the ultimate product of the action of chlorine gas upon the oil in 

 a bottle exposed to the sun, and is formed by the substitution of 

 8 atoms of chlorine for 8 atoms of hydrogen. It is a colourless 

 liquid, of a strong odour, suggesting that of camphor. 



Bromide and iodide of amyl were also formed by Cahours. 

 Caustic alkalies dissolved in water attack them with difficulty, 

 but the same bodies dissolved in alcohol decompose these ethers 

 with much facility. The iodide of amyl is produced by distilling 

 at a gentle heat, a mixture of 8 parts of iodine, 15 parts of 

 hydrate of oxide of amyl, and 1 part of phosphorus. The 

 density of its vapour is 66/5, and combining measure 4 

 volumes. 



Acid sulphate of oxide of amyl, sulphoamilic acid, is formed when 

 the barytes of the following salt is exactly precipitated by dilute 

 sulphuric acid ; it may be evaporated to a syrupy consistence in 

 air or in vacuo, and is sometimes obtained in the form of very 

 fine needles. Its solution is decomposed by heat. When 

 neutralised with bases, it forms a class of salts, the sulphoami- 

 lates, which are all soluble in water. 



Sulphate of oixde of amyl and barytes, BaO. AylO, S 2 O 6 + 

 3 HO. This salt is prepared by mixing equal parts of concen- 

 trated sulphuric acid and hydrate of oxide of amyl, and neu- 

 tralising with carbonate of barytes ; sulphate of barytes precipi- 

 tates, while sulphate of barytes and oxide of amyl remains in 

 solution, and may be crystallized By evaporation after being 

 purified by animal charcoal. It forms pearly crystalline leaflets, 

 which are very soluble in water and in alcohol, but scarcely 

 dissolve in ether. The crystals contain. 3 atoms of water ; when 

 dried at 212 they retain only 2 atoms; the dry salt is decom- 

 posed at 392 (200 centig.) Its solution is decomposed by 

 boiling, with escape of hydrate of oxide of amyl. 



Sulphate of oxide of amyl and potash forms colourless needles 

 or plates, grouped about a common centre, is very soluble in 

 water and alcohol, and has a very bitter taste. 



Sulphate of oxide of amyl and lead crystallizes with 2 atoms 

 of water. Its solution is decomposed by ebullition, like that 

 of the salt of barytes. The salt of lime is similar in compo- 

 sition. 



